Across
- 2. This law states that a compound always contains the same elements in the same proportions by mass
- 9. A thermodynamic quantity representing the maximum amount of reversible work that can be performed by a thermodynamic system at constant temperature and pressure.
- 11. The mass of one mole of a substance, expressed in grams per mole
- 13. The individual steps in a complex chemical reaction.
- 14. This principle predicts how a system at equilibrium responds to changes in temperature, pressure, or concentration
- 17. Substances that repel water molecules are described as
- 20. This law states that the total enthalpy change in a reaction is independent of the pathway taken
- 21. A chemical reaction that absorbs energy from its surroundings, resulting in an increase in Gibbs Free Energy.
- 22. The energy an object possesses due to its motion
- 23. Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons
- 24. Weak intermolecular forces resulting from temporary shifts in electron density
- 27. A combination of two or more substances that are not chemically bonded
- 30. The energy required to remove an electron from a gaseous atom or ion
- 31. A chemical formula that shows the simplest whole number ratio of atoms in a compound.
- 36. The type of bonding found in metals, where electrons are delocalized
- 38. he individual reactions that occur at the electrodes of an electrochemical cell.
- 39. A term describing the rate of a reaction that is dependent on the concentration of only one reactant.
- 45. The state in which opposing forces or processes are balanced, often referring to chemical reactions.
- 47. Liquids that are not soluble in each other are termed
- 48. An atom or molecule with a net electric charge due to the loss or gain of one or more electrons
- 49. A chemical reaction that releases energy to its surroundings, resulting in a decrease in Gibbs Free Energy
- 50. Diagrams that represent the arrangement of valence electrons in a molecule
- 53. The reactant that limits the amount of product formed in a chemical reaction
- 54. The branch of chemistry that deals with the study of the relationship between electricity and chemical reactions.
- 56. A process or reaction that absorbs heat from its surroundings.
- 58. The amount of heat required to convert one mole of a substance from solid to liquid
- 61. A reactant that is not fully consumed in a chemical reaction.
- 62. A chemical equation that shows only the ions involved in a chemical reaction
- 63. Substances that are attracted to water molecules are described as
- 64. A theory explaining the behavior of gases based on the motion of their particles
- 65. Relating to phenomena on a large scale, visible to the naked eye
- 66. Forces of attraction between atoms or molecules in close proximity
- 67. The charge assigned to an atom in a molecule or ion based on the assumption that electrons in a chemical bond are shared equally between atoms.
Down
- 1. The tendency of an atom to attract electrons towards itself in a chemical bond.
- 3. Subatomic particles that orbit the nucleus of an atom and carry a negative charge.
- 4. A type of intermolecular force that occurs between hydrogen atoms and other atoms
- 5. The point in a titration at which the amount of titrant added is stoichiometrically equivalent to the amount of analyte present.
- 6. The number of occurrences of a repeating event per unit of time.
- 7. Liquids that are capable of being mixed together in any proportion
- 8. The percentage of a compound's total mass that is contributed by a specific element
- 10. The distribution of electrons within an atom or molecule.
- 12. The distribution of velocities among particles in a gas
- 13. The numerical value representing the ratio of product concentrations to reactant concentrations in a chemical equilibrium.
- 15. The amount of heat required to convert one mole of a substance from liquid to gas
- 16. The process of forming new atomic orbitals from a combination of atomic orbitals
- 18. Alloy formed by adding atoms of a different size to the spaces between the atoms of the main metal
- 19. The total heat content of a system at constant pressure.
- 25. A principle stating that the amount of a substance deposited or liberated during electrolysis is directly proportional to the quantity of electricity passed through the electrolyte.
- 26. The property of a material that allows it to be hammered or rolled into sheets
- 28. The rate at which reactants are consumed in a chemical reaction.
- 29. A mixture with uniform composition and properties throughout is termed as
- 32. A technique used to determine the mass and composition of molecules
- 33. The distance from the nucleus to the outermost electron in an ion
- 34. The volume occupied by one mole of a substance at a given temperature and pressure
- 35. Waves that consist of oscillating electric and magnetic fields and are responsible for phenomena such as light and radio waves.
- 37. The time required for the concentration of a reactant to decrease to half of its initial value.
- 40. A theoretical gas that follows the ideal gas law under all conditions of temperature and pressure
- 41. A method of chemical analysis based on the measurement of mass.
- 42. A type of cell that uses electrical energy to drive a non-spontaneous chemical reaction.
- 43. The control exerted over a reaction rate due to the speed of the reaction steps
- 44. A mixture with non-uniform composition and properties is termed as
- 46. A process or reaction that releases heat into its surroundings.
- 51. The type of bond formed between a metal and a non-metal, involving the transfer of electrons
- 52. The study of the forces between electrically charged objects.
- 55. A device that generates electrical energy from chemical reactions.
- 57. The ion formed by the association of a hydrogen ion with a water molecule:
- 59. The study of reaction rates and mechanisms
- 60. A measure of the randomness or disorder in a system.