Across
- 4. grants Federal grants given more or less automatically to states or communities to support broad programs in areas such as community development and social services. compare categorical grants
- 5. A strategy unique to the Senate whereby opponents of a piece of legislation use their right to unlimited debate to prevent the Senate from ever voting on a bill
- 6. discretion The authority of administrative actors to select among various responses to a given problem
- 7. executive agency The government agencies not accounted for by cabinet departments, independent regulatory commissions, and government corporations
- 8. A way of organizing a nation so that two or more levels of government have formal authority over the same land and people
- 12. grants Federal categorical grants distributed according to a formula specified in legislation or in administrative regulations
- 13. Transferring responsibility for policies from the federal government to state and local governments
- 14. poll Public opinion surveys used by major media pollsters to predict electoral winners with speed and precision
- 16. An economic system in which individuals and corporations, not the government, own the principal means of production and seek profits
- 17. The principle that government should not meddle in the economy
- 18. clause The final paragraph of Article I, Section 8, of the Constitution, which authorizes Congress to pass all laws "necessary and proper" to carry out the enumerated powers
- 20. legislature A legislature divided into two houses
- 21. Those already holding office
Down
- 1. grants Federal grants that can be used only for specific purposes
- 2. Groups such as parties or interest groups
- 3. institutions The political channels through which people's concerns become political issues on the policy agenda
- 5. exercise clause A First Amendment provision that prohibits government from interfering with the practice of religion
- 7. powers Powers of the federal government that go beyond those enumerated in the Constitution
- 9. Direct group involvement in the electoral process, for example, by helping to fund campaigns, getting members to work for candidates, and forming political action committees
- 10. action A policy designed to give special attention to or compensatory treatment for members of some previously disadvantaged group
- 11. veto A type of veto occurring when Congress adjourns within 10 days of submitting a bill to the president and the president simply lets the bill die by neither signing nor vetoing it
- 15. Party leaders who work with the majority leader or minority leader to count votes beforehand and lean on waverers whose votes are crucial to a bill favored by the party
- 19. triangles Also known as subgovernments, a mutually dependent, mutually advantageous relationship between bureaucratic agencies, interest groups, and congressional committees or subcommittees