AP Human Geography Unit 4 Vocabulary

2. A country whose citizens share common cultural traits (e.g., Japan, Iceland).
5. 1884 meeting where European powers divided Africa.
9. Extreme loyalty to a nation-state.
10. A state governed by one central authority with supreme power (e.g., China).
11. Claiming territory that once belonged to a state.
12. Extensions for strategic purposes (e.g., Namibia).
15. Efficient shape with reduced transportation needs.
16. Self-governance granted by a higher political power (e.g., Tibet).
17. Theory that controlling Eurasia's coastal areas ensures global power.
18. A state completely surrounded by another (e.g., Vatican City).
21. Systematic extermination of a racial, ethnic, or cultural group.
24. A cultural group without an independent state (e.g., Kurdish people).
26. A group with common cultural traits (e.g., Navajo, Kurdish).
27. Powerful states exerting influence outside their boundaries.
29. A part of a state separated from the main territory (e.g., Alaska).
30. Historical boundaries still visible (e.g., Berlin Wall).
36. A political boundary; synonym for a country.
37. Drawn before cultural development (e.g., U.S. and Canada).
38. Division of a state into smaller, independent states.
39. Boundary established through legal documents.
40. Countries with two or more prominent nations.
41. The process of establishing statehood and self-governance.

1. The transfer of power from a central government to regional governments.
3. Up to 24 miles; customs and law enforcement.
4. Area to explore and use resources.
6. Long shape; advantages and disadvantages (e.g., Chile).
7. Forces that divide a state and create instability.
8. Forced by external powers (e.g., Africa’s colonial borders).
13. Increasing global interconnectedness and interdependence.
14. Organizations formed by alliances of three or more countries for a common economic, political, cultural, or military purpose.
19. Contains another state entirely (e.g., South Africa and Lesotho).
20. Forces that unify a state and promote stability.
22. Boundary drawn on a map.
23. A state with a central government that shares power with self-governing regions (e.g., U.S.).
25. Claiming and defending a specific area as one’s own (e.g., Vatican City).
28. Political independence, free from external control.
31. Theory that controlling Eurasia's core leads to world dominance.
32. Up to 12 miles off a state’s coast.
33. Based on cultural differences (e.g., Ireland).
34. Consists of separate parts (e.g., Indonesia).
35. Boundary marked by physical objects like fences or walls.