A&P II 24. Metabolism and Nutrition

2. transfer of heat through physical contact
3. inorganic compounds required by the body to ensure proper function of the body
8. amount of heat it takes to raise 1 kg (1000 g) of water by 1 °C
10. also called the citric acid cycle or the tricarboxylic acid cycle, converts pyruvate into CO2 and high-energy FADH2, NADH, and ATP molecules
12. process that converts high-energy NADH and FADH2 into ATP
17. protein pore complex that creates ATP
20. loss of an electron
22. form that glucose assumes when it is stored
24. relative amount of body weight compared to the overall height; a BMI ranging from 18–24.9 is considered normal weight, 25–29.9 is considered overweight, and greater than 30 is considered obese
25. transfer of heat between the skin and air or water
26. series of metabolic reactions that breaks down glucose into pyruvate and produces ATP
28. lipids, or fats, consisting of three fatty acid chains attached to a glycerol backbone
29. smallest, monomeric sugar molecule
30. anion released into the small intestine to neutralize the pH of the food from the stomach (NaHCO₃)
31. amount of energy consumed minus the amount of energy expended by the body
32. breakdown of triglycerides into glycerol and fatty acids
33. transfer of heat that occurs when water changes from a liquid to a gas
34. amount of energy expended by the body at rest
35. synthesis of lipids that occurs in the liver or adipose tissues

1. lipid consisting of a single fatty acid chain attached to a glycerol backbone
4. gaining of an electron
5. process that converts potentially toxic nitrogen waste into urea that can be eliminated through the kidneys
6. (also, redox reaction) pair of reactions in which an electron is passed from one molecule to another, oxidizing one and reducing the other
7. reactions that build smaller molecules into larger molecules
9. breakdown of fatty acids into smaller chain fatty acids and acetyl CoA
11. oxygen, the recipient of the free hydrogen at the end of the electron transport chain
13. also called the Krebs cycle or the citric acid cycle; converts pyruvate into CO2 and high-energy FADH2, NADH, and ATP molecules
14. reactions that break down larger molecules into their constituent parts
15. transfer of heat via infrared waves
16. sum of all catabolic and anabolic reactions that take place in the body
18. organic compounds required by the body to perform biochemical reactions like metabolism and bone, cell, and tissue growth
19. complex carbohydrates made up of many monosaccharides
21. fatty acid oxidation
23. production of ATP from glucose oxidation via glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation
27. also called the Krebs cycle or the tricarboxylic acid cycle; converts pyruvate into CO2 and high-energy FADH2, NADH, and ATP molecules