Across
- 3. the extent to which a test measures or predicts what it is supposed to
- 4. a technique for revealing bloodflow show brain function as well as its structure
- 5. a neurotransmitter’s reabsorption by the sending neuron
- 7. interpreting our new experiences in terms of our existing schemas
- 10. the process by which certain animals form strong attachments during an early-life critical period
- 12. effect experimental results caused by expectations alone
- 13. the process of observing and imitating a specific behavior
- 15. a neuron’s bushy, branching extensions that receive messages and conduct impulses toward the cell body
- 17. the way an issue is posed; how an issue is framed can significantly affect decisions and judgments
- 19. the postexperimental explanation of a study, including its purpose and any deceptions, to its participants
- 20. the brain’s ability to change, especially during childhood, by reorganizing after damage or by building new pathways based on experience
- 22. giving priority to the goals of one’s group (often one’s extended family or work group) and defining one’s identity accordingly
- 23. the system for sensing the position and movement of individual body parts
- 25. the dimension of color that is determined by the wavelength of light; what we know as the color names blue, green, and so forth
- 26. in psychoanalytic theory, the basic defense mechanism that banishes from consciousness anxiety-arousing thoughts, feelings, and memories.
- 27. a testable prediction, often implied by a theory
- 28. the level of stimulation required to trigger a neural impulse
Down
- 1. impairment of language, usually caused by left-hemisphere damage either to Broca’s area (impairing speaking) or to Wernicke’s area (impairing understanding)
- 2. the process of organizing and interpreting sensory information, enabling us to recognize meaningful objects and events
- 6. the central focal point in the retina, around which the eye’s cones cluster
- 8. brain tissue destruction
- 9. retinal receptor cells that are concentrated near the center of the retina and that function in daylight or in welllit conditions
- 11. the most frequently occurring score(s) in a distribution
- 14. a complex, unlearned behavior that is rigidly patterned throughout a species
- 16. conversion of one form of energy into another. In sensation, the transforming of stimulus energies, such as sights, sounds, and smells, into neural impulses our brain can interpret.
- 18. the discomfort and distress that follow discontinuing an addictive drug or behavior
- 21. the part of personality that, according to Freud, represents internalized ideals and provides standards for judgment (the conscience) and for future aspirations
- 24. in Piaget’s theory, the preoperational child’s difficulty taking another’s point of view