Across
- 1. period when the neuron cannot be excited to generate a second action potential
- 3. Most adults can store between 5 and 9 items in their short-term memory
- 5. minimum stimulation needed to detect a particular stimulus 50 percent of the time
- 6. Estimating the likelihood of events based on their availability in memory
- 8. REM sleep triggers neural activity that evokes random visual memories, which our sleeping brain weaves into stories
- 10. created the social learning theory
- 13. a person's need to feel a sense of involvement and "belonging" within a social group
- 15. The minimum difference between two stimuli required for detection 50 percent of the time.
- 17. pioneer in the study of emotions and their relation to facial expressions
- 18. scientific study that aims to solve practical problems
- 20. large band of neural fibers connecting the two brain hemispheres and carrying messages between them
- 23. he learned response to a previously neutral (but now conditioned) stimulus
- 25. the linking of new information to material that is already known
- 28. founder of the school of individual psychology
- 29. when a stationary, small point of light in an otherwise dark or featureless environment appears to move
- 30. stage from age 12 to adulthood where kids gain the ability to think in an abstract manner by manipulating ideas in their head.
- 31. Depth cues, such as retinal disparity and convergence, that depend on the use of two eyes.
- 34. ego psychologist who developed one of the most popular and influential theories of development
- 35. organizing items into familiar, manageable units; often occurs automatically
- 37. the effect the atmosphere has on the appearance of an object as it is viewed from a distance
- 39. brief electrical charge that travels down the axon
- 41. Interpreting one's new experience in terms of one's existing schemas
- 42. individual's ability to adjust to changes and new experiences, and to accept new information
- 43. Psychoanalytic defense mechanism that shifts sexual or aggressive impulses toward a more acceptable or less threatening object or person
- 45. a thought process or method used to generate creative ideas by exploring many possible solutions
- 46. when the solution to a problem can be deduced by applying established rules and logical reasoning
- 47. the cell undergoes a shift in electric charge distribution, resulting in less negative charge inside the cell
Down
- 2. asts around seven to eleven years of age, and is characterized by the development of organized and rational thinking
- 4. increase in both fluid and crystallized intelligence test scores over generations
- 7. Openness, Conscientiousness, Agreeableness, Extraversion, and Neuroticism
- 8. step-by-step procedures that guarantee a solution
- 9. people are driven to perform actions in order to maintain an optimum level of physiological arousal
- 11. typical example of a certain person or thing
- 12. a social group or culture's informal norms that distinguish how one should express themselves
- 14. dea that a physiological need creates an aroused tension state (a drive) that motivates an organism to satisfy the need.
- 16. optimal period shortly after birth when an organism's exposure to certain stimuli or experiences produces proper development.
- 18. process by which the eye's lens changes shape to focus near or far objects on the retina.
- 19. art of the nervous system that controls the glands and the muscles of the internal organs
- 21. type of learning in which an organism comes to associate stimuli
- 22. invented the first practical IQ test, the Binet–Simon test
- 24. binocular cue for perceiving depth; the extent to which the eyes converge inward when looking at an object.
- 26. a tangible and visible reward given to an individual or an employee for achieving something
- 27. Controls language expression - an area of the frontal lobe, usually in the left hemisphere, that directs the muscle movements involved in speech.
- 32. tendency to search for information that confirms one's preconceptions.
- 33. the nerves responsible for carrying signals away from the central nervous system in order to initiate an action
- 36. argued that linguistics should be a branch of cognitive psychology
- 38. form of psychiatric treatment that involves inducing seizures with the use of electrical stimulation
- 40. fading of non-reinforced conditioned response over time
- 44. the largely conscious, "executive" part of personality that, according to Freud, mediates among the demands of the id, superego, and reality.