APF of the urinary system

Edit Answers
1234567891011121314151617181920212223242526272829
Across
  1. 2. The state of steady internal physical and chemical conditions maintained by the kidneys.
  2. 4. capsule The middle, thickest adipose protective layer wrapping around the kidney.
  3. 6. Main bean-shaped organs of the urinary system responsible for filtering blood.
  4. 11. The inner region of the kidney containing renal pyramids.
  5. 12. Active vitamin D hormone synthesized by the kidneys to help maintain calcium and bone health.
  6. 14. Enzyme secreted by the kidneys that plays a vital role in long-term blood pressure regulation.
  7. 16. Cup-like structure enclosing the glomerulus that collects initial filtrate (Bowman’s ___).
  8. 18. The process of expelling urine from the urinary bladder; medical term for urination.
  9. 19. Circular sphincter muscle located at the base of the bladder that controls voluntary/involuntary release.
  10. 21. The medical term for kidney stones that form from clumped mineral waste.
  11. 24. retention Condition where the bladder does not completely empty during attempts to urinate.
  12. 25. The functional microscopic filtration unit of the kidney.
  13. 28. Cystitis Chronic bladder disorder characterized by pelvic pain, urgency, and the presence of APF.
Down
  1. 1. The specialized cells with foot-like processes that form filtration slits in the inner layer of the glomerular capsule.
  2. 3. The specific class of biomolecule that APF belongs to, combining a peptide chain with sugar molecules.
  3. 5. Hormone released by the kidneys that stimulates red blood cell production in bone marrow.
  4. 7. Tube that carries urine from the kidney down to the bladder.
  5. 8. Tube that allows urine to pass from the bladder to the exterior of the body.
  6. 9. Hollow, muscular, balloon-shaped organ that stores urine.
  7. 10. Involuntary leakage of urine or loss of bladder control.
  8. 13. Medical term for painful or difficult urination, a common symptom of urinary tract infections.
  9. 14. The process where substances are moved from the renal tubules back into the peritubular blood capillaries.
  10. 15. The cluster of capillaries inside the renal corpuscle where blood filtration begins.
  11. 17. The indented medial cleft or fissure on the kidney where blood vessels, nerves, and the ureter enter.
  12. 20. The outer granular region of the kidney.
  13. 22. The microscopic loop within a nephron responsible for creating a concentration gradient (Loop of ___).
  14. 23. (Antiproliferative Factor) Medical abbreviation for the urinary biomarker and sialoglycopeptide found elevated in patients with interstitial cystitis.
  15. 26. Nitrogenous waste product formed in the liver from protein breakdown and excreted in urine.
  16. 27. Type of infection that commonly affects the urethra, bladder, or kidneys due to invading bacteria.
  17. 29. Growth factor whose urinary levels are typically suppressed or inversely related to APF in interstitial cystitis patients (Abbr.).