Across
- 6. Unofficial policy of relaxed royal control over colonial trade and only weak enforcement of Navigation Laws
- 9. Religious revival that swept the colonies
- 10. Policy of rewarding political supporters with public office, first widely employed at the federal level by Andrew Jackson.
- 14. Determined that each slave would be counted as three-fifths of a person for the purpose of apportioning taxes and representation.
- 18. Notion that the sovereign people of a given territory should decide whether to allow slavery
- 21. Supreme Court case that established the principle of “judicial review”—the idea that the Supreme Court had the final authority to determine constitutionality.
- 23. Gathering of feminist activists in 1848 where Elizabeth Cady Stanton read her “Declaration of Sentiments,” stating that “all men and women are created equal.”
- 24. first American constitution that established the United States as a loose confederation of states under a weak national Congress, which was not granted the power to regulate commerce or collect taxes.
Down
- 1. Opponents of the 1787 Constitution who objected to the subordination of the states to the central government and feared encroachment on individuals’ liberties in the absence of a bill of rights.
- 2. Constitutional amendment that extended civil rights to freedmen and prohibited States from taking away such rights without due process.
- 3. Decree issued by Parliament in the wake of Pontiac’s uprising, prohibiting settlement beyond the Appalachians.
- 4. Established the principle that truthful statements about public officials could not be prosecuted as libel.
- 5. Failed proposal to prohibit the importation of slaves into Missouri territory and pave the way for gradual emancipation.
- 7. Ordered the removal of Indian Tribes still residing east of the Mississippi to newly established Indian Territory west of Arkansas and Missouri.
- 8. Amendment that sought to prohibit slavery from territories acquired from Mexico.
- 11. Thomas Paine’s pamphlet urging the colonies to declare independence and establish a republican government.
- 12. The transfer of goods, crops and diseases between New and Old World societies after 1492.
- 13. Agricultural system employed by North American Indians as early as 1000 a.d.; maize, beans, and squash were grown together to maximize yields.
- 15. Popular name for the period of one-party, Republican, rule during James Monroe’s presidency.
- 16. Prohibited states from denying citizens the franchise on account of race.
- 17. Constitutional amendment prohibiting all forms of slavery and involuntary servitude.
- 19. Belief that the United States was destined by God to spread its “empire of liberty” across North America.
- 20. exchange of rum, slaves, and molasses between the North American Colonies, Africa, and the West Indies
- 22. Laws passed throughout the South to restrict the rights of emancipated blacks, particularly with respect to negotiating labor contracts.