Across
- 7. When humans switched from hunting and gathering to cultivating food and domesticating animals
- 9. A Hindu priest; highest on the caste system because they were believed to be the closest to achieving spiritual enlightenment
- 11. Large group of people displaced often as a result of war or religious persecution
- 12. Confucian philosophy that is a virtue of respect for one's parents and ancestors
- 14. Known as the Great War prior to WW2; caused in part by tensions created from imperialism and the European rush to claim territory globally; extremely bloody; saw the use of modern chemical warfare and brutal trench warfare
- 16. Chinese invention that led to the rise of numerous powerful empires and revolutionized warfare; used in cannons and other firearms
- 18. Played a key role in causing WW2; ended WW1 by placing all blame and responsibility for the war on Germany and putting the country in extreme debt
- 20. Russian revolutionary who founded Soviet Russia; firm advocate of socialism and communism; similar ideas to Karl Marx
- 23. A period in western history characterized by dramatic revolutions in science, philosophy, society and politics; these revolutions swept away the medieval world-view
- 24. Long-standing corruption within the Catholic church led to dissatisfaction and a belief that the catholic church was no longer following the word of God; some believers split off and created their own denomination
- 25. Last Chinese dynasty; experienced the Taiping and Boxer Rebellions as a result of European influence and political, economic, and social unrest
- 26. Brazilian dictator; helped modernize the country into what it is today; was popular with working class people because he supported reforms protecting workers from corporations and wealthy business owners
Down
- 1. Empire located in Southeast Asia (present-day Cambodia); known for its architecture and religious syncretism; location of the Angkor Wat
- 2. Spread of religion, food, and tradition from one area to another, often via trade routes
- 3. Glorification of the military; driven by nationalism in the early 20th century; led to the heavy national investment in war preparations that eventually boiled over into WW1 and WW2
- 4. Meeting of the “Big Three” which focused on the conditions under which the USSR would join the war against Japan; also included nuclear war implications and Stalin already suspected the West of having a bomb
- 5. Common throughout Russia; a system that left peasants so impoverished and powerless they were effectively tied to the land they were born on; led to widespread unrest which ultimately boiled over during the Russian Revolutions
- 6. Were important in giving Germany an advantage at the beginning of WW1 because they were used to disrupt marine trade; one of these submarines sunk the Lusitania, bringing the US into the war
- 8. British wars against Qing China in attempts to make up their trade deficit; led to the humiliation of the Qing dynasty as well as the carving of China up into spheres of European influence
- 10. Last remaining portion of the Roman Empire, hence the name; religion was Christianity; became a major power in Europe due to its religious influence
- 13. Process beginning in the mid-late 1800s and lasting all the way until the early 1900s that transformed countries of agricultural-based economies into mechanized and production-based economies; led to inventions like coal-powered machinery, steel, the cotton gin, etc.
- 15. A religion created in China during the Tang Dynasty; a mix of Daoism and Mahayana Buddhism
- 17. “Architect of Modern China”; the successor to Mao Zedong, he helped implement many reforms that transformed China’s economy and put it on a trajectory to unprecedented growth
- 19. A period of extreme bloodletting during the French Revolution; encouraged by Maximilien Robespierre, who called upon people to turn in their neighbors for suspected crimes against the revolution
- 21. Strong sense of identity and pride in one’s country; similar to patriotism; led to political and ethnic tension in the 1800s and 1900s, and to an extent, today still
- 22. Radical faction of the French Revolution; supported the complete execution of the king