Across
- 3. The piece of the plant at the root or bottom of the graft.
- 4. A propagation method where a stem or branch of a plant is partially buried in the soil, encouraging it to produce roots along its length. Trench layering involves cutting a trench in the soil and laying the stem or branch in it, then covering it with soil and allowing roots to develop.
- 7. A propagation method where roots are induced to form on a stem while it is still attached to the parent plant. This is typically done by making a cut or incision in the stem, treating it with rooting hormone, and then wrapping it with a moist medium and covering it to create a favorable environment for root growth.
- 9. Also known as micropropagation, tissue culture is a propagation method where plant tissues are grown in a laboratory under sterile conditions to produce large numbers of genetically identical plants. Tissue culture involves culturing small pieces of plant tissue, such as stem cells or meristematic tissue, in a nutrient-rich medium to encourage growth and development.
- 10. A propagation method where a plant is divided into multiple parts, each of which can grow into a new plant. Division typically involves separating the plant into sections, such as clumps or rhizomes, and replanting each section in its own location.
- 11. A propagation method where a portion of the root system of a plant is cut and used to grow a new plant. Root cuttings are typically taken from healthy root sections and planted in a suitable growing medium to encourage the development of new roots and shoots.
- 14. Above-ground stems that run parallel to the ground.
- 18. Underground storage organs.
- 19. Above-ground stems.
- 21. A propagation method where soil is mounded up around the base of a stem or branch of a plant, encouraging it to produce roots. Mound layering involves piling soil around the base of the stem or branch and allowing it to produce roots before separating it from the parent plant.
- 22. A propagation method where a leaf is removed from a plant and used to grow a new plant. The leaf is typically placed in a suitable growing medium where it develops roots and eventually forms a new plant.
Down
- 1. These are plants characterized by having soft, non-woody stems and usually die back to the ground at the end of each growing season. They typically include annuals, biennials, and perennials, and their stems do not become hard and woody with age.
- 2. The piece of plant at the top of the graft.
- 5. These are plants that produce wood as part of their structural support. They have stems that become hard and rigid due to the accumulation of secondary growth tissues, such as xylem and phloem. Woody plants include trees, shrubs, and some vines.
- 6. Shoots arising from the base of a plant.
- 8. Underground stems.
- 12. A propagation method where separate plant parts are joined together so that they grow as a single plant. Grafting involves connecting the scion, or upper part of one plant, with the rootstock, or lower part of another plant, to create a union that allows nutrients and water to flow between the two parts.
- 13. Bulb-like structures.
- 15. A propagation method where a portion of the stem of a plant is cut and placed in a growing medium to encourage root formation. This method typically involves taking a section of stem with at least one node, which is where roots will develop.
- 16. A form of grafting where a bud or bud-containing section of a plant is joined onto the rootstock of another plant. Budding involves making a cut in the rootstock and inserting the bud, typically under the bark, to allow it to grow and develop into a new shoot.
- 17. Thickened underground stems.
- 20. A propagation method where natural structures of a plant, such as bulbs or corms, are separated into individual parts, each of which can grow into a new plant. Separation typically involves removing the individual structures from the parent plant and replanting them in suitable growing conditions.