Across
- 3. A constellation of signs and symptoms due to the rupture of atherosclerotic plaque and resultant partial or complete thrombosis within a diseased coronary artery; leads to unstable angina or acute myocardial infarction
- 5. Ability of the cardiac muscle to shorten in response to an electrical impulse
- 12. Amount of blood pumped by each ventricle in liters per minute
- 13. A test used to evaluate the functioning of the heart during a period of increased oxygen demand; test may be initiated by exercise or medications
- 15. Period of ventricular relaxation resulting in ventricular filling
- 16. Nerve fibers located in the aortic arch and carotid arteries that are responsible for control of the blood pressure
- 18. Impulse normally palpated at the fifth intercostal space, left midclavicular line; caused by contraction of the left ventricle; also called the point of maximal impulse
- 20. Degree of stretch of the cardiac muscle fibers at the end of diastole
- 23. Period of ventricular contraction resulting in ejection of blood from the ventricles into the pulmonary artery and aorta
- 26. The first heart sound produced by closure of the atrioventricular (mitral and tricuspid) valves
- 29. The use of pressure monitoring devices to directly measure cardiovascular function
- 32. The second heart sound produced by closure of the semilunar (aortic and pulmonic) valves
- 33. Resistance to blood flow out of the right ventricle created by the pulmonary circulatory system
- 34. Electrical activation of a cell caused by the influx of sodium into the cell while potassium exits the cell
- 35. The process of continuous electrocardiographic monitoring by the transmission of radio waves from a battery-operated transmitter worn by the patient
- 36. Abnormal sounds created by the presence of an S3 and S4 during periods of tachycardia
- 37. The amount of resistance to ejection of blood from the ventricle
- 38. Condition in which heart muscle cells receive less oxygen than needed
Down
- 1. Secondary pacemaker of the heart, located in the right atrial wall near the tricuspid valve
- 2. Resistance to blood flow out of the left ventricle created by the systemic circulatory system
- 4. Amount of blood ejected from one of the ventricles per heartbeat
- 6. Blood pressure that is persistently greater than 140/90 mm Hg
- 7. Sounds produced when the valves close; normal heart sounds are S1 (atrioventricular valves) and S2 (semilunar valves)
- 8. Abnormal systolic sound created by the opening of a calcified aortic or pulmonic valve during ventricular contraction
- 9. Percentage of the end-diastolic blood volume ejected from the ventricle with each heartbeat
- 10. A significant drop in blood pressure (20 mm Hg systolic or more or 10 mm Hg diastolic or more) after an upright posture is assumed
- 11. Return of the cell to resting state, caused by reentry of potassium into the cell while sodium exits the cell
- 14. Specialized heart cells strategically located throughout the heart that are responsible for methodically generating and coordinating the transmission of electrical impulses to the myocardial cells
- 17. An invasive procedure used to measure cardiac chamber pressures and assess patency of the coronary arteries
- 19. An abnormal heart sound detected early in diastole as resistance is met to blood entering either ventricle; most often due to volume overload associated with heart failure
- 21. Primary pacemaker of the heart, located in the right atrium
- 22. Unstable atoms that give off small amounts of energy in the form of gamma rays as they decay; used in cardiac nuclear medicine studies
- 24. An abnormal heart sound detected late in diastole as resistance is met to blood entering either ventricle during atrial contraction; most often caused by hypertrophy of the ventricle
- 25. A decrease in blood pressure to less than 100/60 mm Hg that compromises systemic perfusion
- 27. Sounds created by abnormal, turbulent flow of blood in the heart
- 28. The difference between the apical and radial pulse rates
- 30. Muscle layer of the heart responsible for the pumping action of the heart
- 31. Abnormal diastolic sound generated during opening of a rigid atrioventricular valve leaflet