Across
- 4. An arrhythmia characterized by a repeating pattern of two normal heartbeats followed by a premature ventricular contraction (PVC) or other ectopic beat.
- 7. Complex, A portion of the electrocardiogram (ECG) waveform that represents ventricular depolarization (contraction).
- 9. Echocardiogram (TTE), An echocardiogram performed by placing the ultrasound transducer on the chest to visualize the heart and its structures through the chest wall.
- 10. Capillary Wedge Pressure (PCWP), A measurement obtained through a pulmonary artery catheter that reflects the pressure in the left atrium and is used to assess left ventricular function and fluid status.
- 12. Relationship, A physiological principle describing the relationship between the volume of blood entering the heart (preload) and the force of ventricular contraction (contractility).
- 13. Echocardiography, An advanced echocardiographic technique that generates three-dimensional images of the heart for more accurate assessment of cardiac anatomy and function.
- 14. Tachycardia, A normal heart rhythm with a faster-than-average heart rate when the sinus node fires at an accelerated rate.
Down
- 1. A method for measuring cardiac output using temperature changes in the blood following the injection of a cold saline solution.
- 2. Hypothermia, A medical treatment that lowers a patient's body temperature to reduce neurological damage following cardiac arrest or other critical conditions.
- 3. Bradycardia, A normal heart rhythm with a slower-than-average heart rate when the heart's natural pacemaker (the sinus node) fires at a slower rate.
- 4. Echocardiogram (TEE), An echocardiogram performed by inserting an ultrasound probe into the esophagus to obtain detailed images of the heart and great vessels.
- 5. Tachycardia, A rapid heart rhythm originating in the ventricles, which can be life-threatening if sustained.
- 6. Fibrillation, A life-threatening arrhythmia where the ventricles quiver instead of contracting, leading to a lack of effective blood pumping and cardiac arrest.
- 8. Echocardiogram, An echocardiogram performed during physical stress (e.g., exercise or pharmacological stimulation) to assess how the heart functions under increased demand.
- 10. Electrical Activity (PEA), A condition in which there is electrical activity in the heart but no effective mechanical contraction, resulting in the absence of a palpable pulse and requiring immediate intervention.
- 11. Arrhythmia, A normal variation in heart rate during breathing, where the heart rate increases during inhalation and decreases during exhalation.