Across
- 3. The first light that was produced by the universe that we can see today that is the remnant radiation from the Big Bang (aka CMB).
- 5. One of the catalogues of celestial objects, many visible to the naked eye.
- 9. Expansion of spacetime that stretches photon wavelength.
- 13. A possible object composing dark matter that could be dead or failed stars in the halos of galaxies.
- 18. The 8 planets, the Sun, asteroids, Kuiper Belt, Dwarf Planets, and the Oort Cloud.
- 20. The scientist that recognized that Cepheid Variable stars can be used to measure galaxies far, far away due to their period-luminosity relation.
- 21. Type of galaxy that has a halo and bulge but no arms and less dusty gas.
- 25. Location when a planet or the earth is furthest from the Sun in its orbit.
- 30. Living organisms that are adapted to conditions that are extreme by human standards.
- 31. The further a galaxy is away from us, the greater the redshift, and the faster it is moving away from us.
- 34. The astronomer who recognized that the Universe is expanding.
- 41. The study of the structure and evolution (beginning and ending) of the universe.
- 42. The bending of light beams by massive objects (gravity) light passes by.
- 43. A ‘weak’ force that may extend into one of the 10 spatial dimensions of M Theory that is one of the four fundamental forces in the universe.
- 44. This is the shift of the wavelength of absorption bands to longer wavelengths due to the source moving away.
- 45. An object whose luminosity we can determine without measuring its distance.
- 46. Depressions produced by asteroid or meteorite impacts.
- 47. The science that studies the components and properties of light that depend on wavelength.
- 48. The moment in the spring when the Sun sets exactly due west and rises due east.
- 50. Spherical thin cloud containing stars and globular clusters.
- 51. The scientific theory used to describe the beginning of the universe based on the Cosmological Principle, General Theory of Relativity, Hubble’s Law, and the Cosmic Microwave Background.
- 52. An equation that tries to estimate the number of planets with communicative life or civilizations in a galaxy.
- 53. Pulsating variable stars used to determine distances to very far galaxies that follow a period-luminosity relation.
- 54. Einstein’s theory that developed the concept of spacetime.
- 55. The Sun is in this galaxy in the Local Group of galaxies.
Down
- 1. The point in the Earth’s orbit when we are closest to the Sun and the Northern Hemisphere receives the least direct sunlight.
- 2. One of the Cosmological Principles that states that the Laws of Physics are the same throughout the universe.
- 4. One of the catalogues of celestial objects that contains over 7000 objects.
- 6. The idea that the universe has no center or edge and on large scales looks about the same everywhere.
- 7. A possible particle composing dark matter that are subatomic particles that emit no EM radiation.
- 8. An undetected form of mass that emits little or no light, but whose existence we infer from its gravitational influence producing Einstein crosses and the lensing of distant galaxies.
- 10. A superstring theory trying to unite all large and small scale theories into one generating the multiverse theory and consisting of 11 dimensions.
- 11. Red shift and blue shift are a part of this.
- 12. When the length of daylight is equal to night in the Fall.
- 13. Flat areas of the Moon composed of basalt.
- 14. The type of mathematics that M-Theory uses.
- 15. When the days are longest in the Northern Hemisphere because it is tipped most directly towards the Sun receiving the most direct sunlight.
- 16. What the ‘seas’ or maria on the surface of the Moon are composed of.
- 17. One of the Cosmological Principles that states the universe appears to look the same in all directions.
- 19. Type of galaxy that is disk shaped with stars concentrated at the center and arms.
- 22. This is about 68.3% of the matter in the universe and is an unknown form of energy causing the expansion of the universe.
- 23. What the universe is described as, just at the moment it begins to expand.
- 24. Type of galaxy that has stars in the shape of a bar with spirals at the end.
- 26. One of the Cosmological Principles that states that the distribution of stars is uniform and that any large block of the universe contains the same amount of matter.
- 27. Gives the age of the universe.
- 28. Projection of Earth’s pole where Polaris is located.
- 29. Location when a planet or the Earth is closest to the Sun in its orbit.
- 32. The official name of the North Star.
- 33. Type of galaxy that contains mostly young stars with no symmetry.
- 35. Planets around other stars.
- 36. Era that began about 380,000 years after the beginning of the universe that was cool enough for protons, neutrons, and electrons to combine to form elements.
- 37. Type of galaxy that is ellipsoid in shape, contains mostly old red stars, and have no arms or disk.
- 38. Dense cloud of stars with intense radio emissions.
- 39. The ratio of the density of the universe to the critical density that determines the shape of the universe.
- 40. The region around a star in which planets could potentially have surface temperatures at which liquid water could exist.
- 49. The scientific search for life in the universe.