Astronomy

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Across
  1. 1. year is the distance light travels in one year.
  2. 3. spectrum a series of colored lines that correspond to wavelengths emitted by the glowing gas
  3. 4. magnitude the magnitude that a star would appear to have if it were located at a standard distance of 10 parsecs.
  4. 6. a hypothetical elementary particle that has both low mass and low energy
  5. 7. Law a galaxy's velocity (or as is sometimes plotted, its redshift) is directly proportional to its distance
  6. 10. a measure of the total amount of energy radiated by a star or other celestial object per second
  7. 13. John C. Mather for their discovery of the basic form of the cosmic microwave background radiation as well as its small variations in different directions.
  8. 14. Rubin helping to establish the importance of dark matter in the universe
  9. 15. shift the wavelength of the light is stretched, so the light is seen as 'shifted' towards the red part of the spectrum
  10. 18. magnitude the magnitude of a celestial object as it is actually measured from the earth.
  11. 19. is a branch of astronomy that involves the origin and evolution of the universe, from the Big Bang to today and on into the future
Down
  1. 2. lensing occurs when a massive celestial body — such as a galaxy cluster
  2. 5. is a unit of length used to measure the large distances to astronomical objects outside the Solar System
  3. 7. Swan Leavitt gave us the tools to map out the stars in the universe. She discovered the correlation between Period and Luminosity
  4. 8. a condition in which gravity is predicted to be so intense that spacetime itself would break down catastrophically
  5. 9. background radiation leftover radiation from the Big Bang or the time when the universe began
  6. 11. is the study of astronomy using the techniques of spectroscopy to measure the spectrum of electromagnetic radiation
  7. 12. Hubble demonstrated that galaxies farther away from us are receding faster than those nearby
  8. 16. energy is a new kind of dynamical energy fluid or field, something that fills all of space but something whose effect on the expansion of the universe is the opposite of that of matter and normal energy.
  9. 17. matter composed of particles that do not absorb, reflect, or emit light