ATOMIC AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS

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  1. 4. the minimum mass of fissionable material in a rector or nuclear bomb that will sustain a chain reaction
  2. 6. a self-sustaining reaction in which the products of one reaction event stimulate further reaction events
  3. 8. high-frequency electromagnetic radiation emitted but the nuclei of radioactive atoms.
  4. 10. the conversion of n atomic nucleus of one element into an atomic nucleus of another element through a loss or gain in the number of protons.
  5. 13. A fundamental equation of quantum mechanics, which relates probability wave amplitudes to the forces acting on a system
  6. 15. a stream of electrons (or positrons) emitted during the radioactive decay of certain nuclei
  7. 16. the elementary constituent particles or building blocks of nuclear matter
  8. 17. a nuclear proton or neutron; the collective name for either or both.
  9. 18. the time required for half the atoms in a sample of a radioactive isotope to decay
  10. 19. a fission reactor designed to make more fissionable fuel tun is put into it by converting non fissionable isotopes to fissionable isotopes
  11. 20. negative particle in the outer part of an atom
  12. 21. a stream of particles (helium nuclei) ejected by certain radioactive elements
  13. 22. The rule that a new theory must produce the same results as the old theory where the old theory is known to be valid
  14. 24. process of determining the time that has elapsed since death by measuring the radioactivity of the remaining carbon14 atoms
Down
  1. 1. nucleus positively charged center of an atom, containing protons and neutrons and almost the entire mass of the atom, but only a tiny fraction of its volume
  2. 2. fission the splitting of the nucleus of a heavy atom into two smaller nuclei
  3. 3. process of the atomic nucleus that results in the emission of energetic sub atomic particles
  4. 5. Electromagnetic radiation of higher frequencies than ultraviolet: emitted by electron transitions to the lowest energy states in atoms
  5. 7. acronmy for a unit used to measure the effect of ionizing radiation on humans.
  6. 9. The statement that the frequencies of some spectral lines of the elements are either the sums or the differences of the frequencies of two other lines.
  7. 11. The theory of the micro world based on wave functions and probabilities developed especially by Werner Heisenberg and Erwin Schroedinger.
  8. 12. The combination of light atomic nuclei to form heavier nuclei, with the release of much energy
  9. 14. force that attracts nucleons to each other within the atomic nucleus: a force that is very strong for short distances
  10. 23. acronym for a unit of absorbed energy