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Across
  1. 6. the lithosphere of the earth is divided into a small number of plates which float on and travel independently over the mantle and much of the earth's seismic activity occurs at the boundaries of these plates.
  2. 8. a supercontinent that existed during the late Paleozoic and early Mesozoic eras. It formed approximately 300 million years ago and then began to break apart after about 100 million years.
  3. 13. an extensional boundary is a linear feature that exists between two tectonic plates that are moving away from each other.
  4. 14. the gradual movement of the continents across the earth's surface through geological time
  5. 15. proposed mechanism for plate motion in plate tectonics. Because mid-ocean ridges lie at a higher elevation than the rest of the ocean floor, gravity causes the ridge to push on the lithosphere that lies farther from the ridge.
Down
  1. 1. A transform fault or transform boundary, also known as conservative plate boundary since these faults neither create nor destroy lithosphere, is a type of fault whose relative motion is predominantly
  2. 2. an instrument used for measuring magnetic forces, especially the earth's magnetism.
  3. 3. the portion of motion of a tectonic plate that can be accounted for by its subduction. Plate motion is partly driven by the weight of cold, dense plates sinking into the mantle at trenches.
  4. 4. Changes in direction or orientation of the magnetic field of the Earth that have occurred from time to time. (Several hundred are known in the geological record.) Sometimes the north magnetic pole is near the geographic North Pole and sometimes near the South Pole in Antarctica.
  5. 5. In plate tectonics, a convergent boundary, also known as a destructive plate boundary (because of subduction), is an actively deforming region where two (or more) tectonic plates or fragments of the lithosphere move toward one another and collide.
  6. 7. a line on a diagram or map connecting points relating to the same time or equal times.
  7. 9. the sideways and downward movement of the edge of a plate of the earth's crust into the mantle beneath another plate.
  8. 10. the formation of new areas of oceanic crust, which occurs through the upwelling of magma at midocean ridges and its subsequent outward movement on either side.
  9. 11. large elongated depression with steep walls formed by the downward displacement of a block of the earth's surface between nearly parallel faults or fault systems.
  10. 12. the branch of geophysics concerned with the magnetism in rocks that was induced by the earth's magnetic field at the time of their formation.