Baruch Spinoza

2. Aside from Hebrew, Francis van den Enden taught Spinoza this language
5. Spinoza rejected this thing that made Jews unique
7. Spinoza is considered one of the most important European thinkers of this field
10. Spinoza asserted that obligations from this book were no longer binding on Jews
12. Spinoza offered a sustained critique of this tradition
13. While Jews find Spinoza's ideas reprehensible, so did this group

1. Spinoza claimed that supernatural phenomena in this book had natural explanations
3. Spinoza supported political freedom and another type of freedom
4. The rabbis of Amsterdam took action against Spinoza with this
6. Spinoza was this type of Jews (i.e., from Spain/Portugal)
8. Baruch Spinoza grew up in this city
9. Jewish leaders excommunicated Spinoza in this month
11. The Hebrew word for excommunication for heresy