BCMB Test 2 CW

3. Layer of cells from which lateral roots originate.
5. Protective structure at the root tip containing gravity-sensing amyloplasts.
7. Directional growth response of roots or shoots to gravity.
9. Suppression of lateral buds by auxin produced at the shoot tip.
15. Gene that maintains stem cell identity in the meristem.
18. Growing tip where new organs such as leaves and flowers are initiated.
19. Flavoprotein that mediates blue-light–dependent inhibition of stem elongation
22. Extensions of epidermal cells that increase surface area for water and nutrient absorption.
25. Framework explaining how combinations of three gene classes specify flower organs.
27. The environmental signal based on day length that triggers seasonal changes such as autumn leaf senescence.
28. Gaseous hormone responsible for fruit ripening and leaf abscission.
29. A red or purple pigment that accumulates in aging leaves to protect cells from excess light and oxidative stress during senescence.
30. Growth repressors degraded when GA binds to its receptor GID1.
32. Protein that perceives gibberellins and activates their signaling pathway.
33. Hormone responsible for cell elongation, apical dominance, and phototropism
34. Triploid tissue formed after double fertilization that nourishes the embryo.
35. Characteristic seedling behavior under ethylene: short, thick stem and curved hook.

1. Floral organ that attracts pollinators, part of the corolla
2. Pigment protein that detects red and far-red light to regulate flowering and germination.
4. Outermost floral organ that protects the developing bud.
6. “Foolish seedling” fungal infection that led to the discovery of gibberellins.
8. Hormone promoting seed dormancy and desiccation tolerance.
10. Growth movement that directs a plant toward or away from a light source
11. Synthetic reporter sequence used to visualize auxin accumulation.
12. Specialized tissue where leaves or petals detach during senescence.
13. Gene encoding a peptide ligand that restricts meristem size via negative feedback.
14. Precocious germination of seeds while still inside the fruit.
16. Physical or environmental process that weakens the seed coat to promote germination.
17. Hormone promoting cell division and shoot formation in tissue culture.
20. Membrane transporters that control polar movement of auxin between plant cells.
21. Blue-light receptor that triggers bending of shoots toward light.
23. Plant hormone promoting stem elongation, seed germination, and fruit growth.
24. Programmed degradation process recycling nutrients from old leaves
26. Pattern of leaf arrangement at the shoot apex (e.g., spiral, opposite, whorled).
31. First synthetic cytokinin discovered to promote shoot growth.