Across
- 3. study of immunesystem
- 6. fifth stage of virus life cycle/new phage particles assemble
- 12. type of bacteria that retain purple dye during gram staining procedure. Has peptidoglycan
- 13. WBC containing granules and are enzymes. released during infections allergic reactions, and asthma.
- 14. fourth stage of virus life cycle/viral RNA inside nucleus replicates w/ RNA polymerase
- 17. specialized WBC that capture, process, and display antigens to other immune cells initiating and directing adaptive immune responses
- 19. type of bacteria that don't retain violet dye in gram staining procedure. Have pink/red appearance under microscope. Contains lippolysaccharides (LPS)
- 22. WBC that are most abundant and fight infections and inflammation.
- 25. type of WBC that surrounds and kills microorganisms, removes dead cells, stimulates action of other immune system cells
- 27. toxin or foreign substance which induces immune response in body, especially production of antibodies
- 28. large phagocytic WBC w/ simple oval nucleus and clear, grayish cytoplasm
- 29. first stage of virus life cycle/virus attach to cell
- 32. sixth stage of virus life cycle/new viral particles created + released in extracellular fluid
- 35. third stage of virus life cycle/viral insides escape
- 37. blood test that measures proportion or RBCs in blood, expressed as percentage. calculated by dividing volume of RBC by total volume of blood.
- 39. measurement that indicates average size of platelets in blood
Down
- 1. molecules found on pathogens that're recognized by innate immune system of host. when host's immune cells detect PAMPs through pattern recognition recpetors, triggers immune response, including inflammation and activation of other cells
- 2. blood test that measures average size of RBCs. can help diagnose anemia.
- 4. a type of hematopoietic stem cell in bone marrow that's responsible for making RBCs, platelets, and some WBCs
- 5. blood protein made in response to and counteracting specific antigen. combine chemically w/ foreign substances in blood
- 7. a colorless cell that circulates in blood and body fluids and involved in counteracting foreign substances + disease; WBC.
- 8. iron-containing protein found in RBCs that's responsible for carrying oxygen from lungs to body.
- 9. substance forming cell walls of many bacteria, consisting of glycosaminoglycan chains interlinked w/ short peptides
- 10. a bacterium, virus, or other microorganism that can cause disease
- 11. measure of average size of RBC in blood sample. can identify anemia
- 15. measure of average concentration fo hemoglobin w/i RBCs
- 16. specialized immune cells that live in various tissues in body. Contain chemicals like histamine, heparin, cytokines, and growth factors that help immune system respond to bacteria, parasites, and other immune reactions.
- 18. blood test the measures number of RBCs, WBCs, and platelets in sample of blood. Measures hemoglobin and hematocrit levels.
- 20. type of protein that plays crucial role in innate immune system. Act as sentinels, recognize specific molecules from pathogens or damaged cells, triggers immune responses. Found on surface of cells + w/i intracellular compartments, allowing them to detect wide range of threats.
- 21. second stage of virus life cycle/cell eats virus w/ endocytosis
- 23. measure of variation in size of RBCs in blood sample
- 24. an infective agent that typically consists of a nucleic acid molecule in a protein coat, is too small to be seen by ligth microscopy, able to multiply only w/i living cells of host
- 26. endotoxin + bioloigcally active component of gram negative bacterial cell wall that's a toll-like receptor (TLR4) agonist w/ potential immunostimulatory activity
- 30. WBC that has granules w/ enzymes that're released during allergic reactions + asthma.
- 31. a undifferentiated cell in bone marrow that can develop into any type of blood cell
- 33. a type of hematopoietic stem cell that's committed to turning into lymphocytes
- 34. condition that develops when blood produces lower than normal amount of healthy RBCs
- 36. complex network of organs, cells, and proteins that protect body from infections and other harmful substance
- 38. small colorless disk-shaped cell fragment w/o nucleus, found in large numbers in blood and involved in clotting