BIO extra credit

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Across
  1. 3. Venter Led the first successful sequencing of the human genome
  2. 5. Darwin, Alfred Wallace Known for contributions to Natural Selection. They both independently discovered it.
  3. 7. Harvey First to recognize the full circulation of the blood in the human body
  4. 9. Koch Known as one of the founders of bacteriology and microbiology. Studied anthrax, tuberculosis, and cholera.
  5. 10. S Meselsoterm-31n, Franklin W Stahl Known for the Meselson-Stahl experiment which supported their hypothesis that DNA replication was semiconservative
  6. 13. Cuvier Known for establishing the sciences of comparative anatomy and paleontology
  7. 14. Galvani Known for discovery of animal electricity.
  8. 16. D Hershey, Martha Chase Known for the Hershey-Chase experiment that proved that phage DNA, and not protein, was the genetic material
  9. 18. Linnaeus Known as the "Father of Taxonomy." His system for naming, ranking, and classifying organisms is still in wide use today.
  10. 20. Michael Blaese, W. French, Anderson, Kenneth W. Culver (1990) Conducted the first successful human gene therapy
  11. 24. Mitchell Clarified how ADP is converted into into the energy carrying compound ATP in th mitochondria of living cells
  12. 25. Watson, Francis Crick, Rosalind Franklin Elucidated the double helix structure of DNA, a landmark discovery in molecular biology.
  13. 26. van Leeuwenhoek Known for work on the development and improvement of the microscope and also for his subsequent contribution towards the study of microbiology
  14. 29. Alexander Fleming Known for discovering penicillin made from penicillium notatum mold
  15. 31. Doudna, EmmanuelleCharpentier Developed CRISPR-Cas9 technology
  16. 32. Genome Project international effort to map all the genes in the human genome
  17. 33. B. Lamarck Known for his idea that acquired characteristics are inheritable.
  18. 34. Salk Developed polio vaccine
  19. 35. Woese Discovered the Archaea domain, reshaping the tree of life and our understanding of microbial diversity.
  20. 36. Pasteur Known for creating pasteurization (Bacteria is destroyed by heating beverages and allowing them to cool)
Down
  1. 1. Mendel "Father of genetics", Known for discovering the basic principles of heredity through experiments in his garden, specifically in pea plants
  2. 2. Carson Known for writings on environmental pollution and the natural history of the sea
  3. 4. Jenner Discovered the small pox vaccine.
  4. 6. McClintock Known for discovering transposable elements (jumping genes), genes could move from place to place on a chromosome
  5. 8. Schleiden, Theodor Schwann Known as co-founders of Cell Theory stating that every cell originates from another cell
  6. 9. Hooke Discovered the law of elasticity (Hooke's law) and known for his microscope work (first to name "cells")
  7. 11. Hans A. Krebs Discovered the Krebs cycle, a key metabolic pathway in cellular respiration. which is the conversion of substances formed by the breakdown of sugars, fats, and protein components to carbon dioxide, water, and energy rich compounds
  8. 12. Virchow Known as the "Father of Pathology." Applied the Cell Theory to explain the effects of disease in the organs and tissues of the body
  9. 15. Beadle, Edward Tatum Proposed the one gene-one enzyme hypothesis, linking genes to specific biochemical processes.
  10. 17. Jacob, Jacques Monad Known for originating the idea that control of enzyme levels in all cells occurs through regulation of transcription
  11. 19. Cohen and Herbert Boyer (1973) demonstrated that DNA cloning was possible and that genes from different organisms could be combined in living cells
  12. 21. Miller, Harold Urey Conducted experiments simulating early Earth conditions, demonstrating the abiotic synthesis of organic compounds.
  13. 22. Calvin, Andrew A Benson Known for discovering the Calvin Cycle (discovery of chemical pathways of photosynthesis)
  14. 23. Redi disproved spontaneous generation
  15. 27. Pauling Known for being the "Father of Molecular Biology" due to his discovery of the spiral structure of proteins
  16. 28. H Morgan Known for his experiment research with the fruit fly by which he established the chromosome theory of heredity
  17. 30. Wilmut Led the team that cloned Dolly the sheep, the first mammal cloned from an adult somatic cell, raising ethical and scientific questions.
  18. 36. Margulis Discovered the endosymbiotic theory, explaining the origin of eukaryotic cells