Across
- 1. Plants that open their stomata only at night to conserve water
- 3. Plants that minimize photorespiration by fixing CO2 into a four-carbon compound in mesophyll cells
- 5. Specialized cell surrounding a stoma that controls its opening and closing
- 8. Stacks of thylakoids within the chloroplast
- 11. Waxy, waterproof outer layer on the leaf surface that reduces water loss
- 12. Respiration that requires oxygen
- 14. Organisms that can switch between aerobic respiration and fermentation
- 17. Environmental conditions, like light or CO2, that restrict the rate of photosynthesis
- 18. A coenzyme that functions as an electron carrier in photosynthesis
- 21. The first stage of cellular respiration that splits glucose into two molecules of pyruvate
- 22. A five-carbon molecule that combines with CO2 in the first step of the Calvin cycle
- 24. An electron carrier that is reduced to FADH2 during the Krebs cycle
- 26. An organism that obtains food by consuming other organisms
- 28. A wasteful process where the enzyme Rubisco binds to O2 instead of CO2
- 30. The fluid-filled space surrounding the grana inside a chloroplast
- 32. An integral protein complex in the thylakoid membrane that absorbs light and re-energizes electrons
- 35. The first protein complex in the light-dependent reactions that splits water and begins the electron transport chain
- 36. The process of water movement through a plant and its evaporation from aerial parts, such as leaves
- 37. Densely packed layer of cells beneath the upper epidermis where most photosynthesis occurs
- 38. The most common type of plant, performing the Calvin cycle directly
Down
- 1. The light-independent reactions of photosynthesis where CO2 is converted into sugar
- 2. An anaerobic process that converts pyruvate into ethanol and carbon dioxide
- 4. A high-energy electron carrier produced during glycolysis and the Krebs cycle
- 6. Layer of irregularly shaped cells in the leaf with many air spaces to allow gas exchange
- 7. The three-carbon product of glycolysis
- 9. Sac-like photosynthetic membrane found within chloroplasts
- 10. An anaerobic process that converts pyruvate into lactate
- 13. A series of electron carrier proteins that shuttle high-energy electrons during ATP-generating reactions
- 15. The main energy currency of the cell
- 16. A graph plotting a pigment's light absorption versus wavelength
- 19. Organisms that require oxygen for cellular respiration
- 20. Iron-containing proteins that are components of the electron transport chain
- 23. An organism that produces its own food, usually through photosynthesis
- 25. The second stage of aerobic cellular respiration that generates electron carriers and a small amount of ATP
- 27. A molecule that combines with pyruvate to form acetyl-CoA, which enters the Krebs cycle
- 28. A three-carbon molecule produced in the Calvin cycle that can be used to synthesize glucose
- 29. The form of the electron carrier used in photosynthesis
- 31. Respiration that occurs in the absence of oxygen
- 33. The enzyme that catalyzes the first step of the Calvin cycle, fixing CO2 to RuBP
- 34. Pore-like openings on the underside of the leaf that allow gas exchange