Biol 1308 Chapter 1

5. blind/experimental design protocol when both research subjects and scientists performing the measurements are unaware of either the experimental hypothesis or who is in the control or experimental group.
6. error/effect of chance on experimental results.
7. variable/a factor whose value influences the value of the dependent variable, but is not influenced by it; the value that is manipulated.
9. variable/the value in a study that is expected to change in response to changes in the independent variable.
12. to be proved false.
14. branch of mathematics used in the evaluation of experimental data.
15. a relationship between two factors.
16. hypothesis/factor other than the tested hypothesis that may explain observations.
21. situation designed to test specific hypotheses.
22. significant/said of results for which there is a low probability that experimental groups differ simply by chance.
23. theory/scientific theory that all infectious diseases are caused by microorganisms.
26. subgroup of a population used in an experimental test.

1. to evaluate through observations of the measurable universe.
2. reasoning/a logical process that argues from specific instances to a general conclusion.
3. for an experiment who is similar to experimental subject except is not exposed to experimental treatment; used as baseline values for comparison.
4. tentative explanation for an observation that requires testing to validate.
8. that something is the case or will happen.
10. method/a systematic method of research consisting of putting a hypothesis to a test designed to disprove it,if in fact it is false.
11. reasoning/making a prediction of an outcome of a test; an if/then statement.
13. in the traits of individuals in a biological population that occur over the course of generations.
17. vertical axis of a graph; the dependent variable.
18. horizontal axis of a graph; the independent variable.
19. expected from a particular test of a hypothesis if the hypothesis were true.
20. size/number of individuals in both the experimental and control groups.
24. of evolution/theory that all organisms on Earth today are descendants of a single ancestor that arose in the distant past.
25. experiment/tests in which subjects are not aware exactly of what they are predicted to experience.