Biology 1

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Across
  1. 3. _____potential Electrical impulse traveling down a neuron. Action
  2. 5. _____period Time after an action potential when a neuron can’t fire again. Refractory
  3. 6. _____sclerosis Disease where the immune system attacks the myelin sheath of neurons. Multiple
  4. 8. _____Opioid that is highly addictive. Heroin
  5. 9. Hormone that prepares the body for fight-or-flight response. Adrenaline
  6. 12. _____perspective How natural selection influences behavior and mental processes. Evolutionary
  7. 14. Environmental factors influencing development. Nurture
  8. 18. Connect neurons within the CNS. Interneurons
  9. 19. _____nervous system Controls voluntary movements. Somatic
  10. 21. Neurotransmitter involved in reward, motivation, and motor control. Dopamine
  11. 22. _____Symptoms experienced when stopping or reducing drug use. Withdrawal
  12. 23. _____neurons Transmit sensory information to the CNS. Sensory
  13. 27. Controversial practice of improving genetic quality by selective breeding. Eugenics
  14. 29. Drugs that mimic or enhance neurotransmitter effects. Agonists
  15. 31. _____gravis Autoimmune disorder causing muscle weakness. Myasthenia
  16. 35. _____transmission Process of sending signals between neurons. Neural
  17. 37. Nerves outside the CNS. AKA The Peripheral nervous system PNS
  18. 38. Chemical messengers released by glands to regulate bodily functions. Hormones
  19. 40. _____nervous system Promotes rest and digestion. Parasympathetic
  20. 43. Reduction in membrane potential making a neuron more likely to fire. Depolarization
  21. 45. _____or-nothing principle Neuron either fires completely or not at all. All
  22. 46. _____Drug that can act as a depressant, stimulant, or hallucinogen. Marijuana
  23. 47. _____Depressant that affects motor skills and judgment. Alcohol
  24. 48. _____Drugs that relieve pain and produce euphoria. Opioids
  25. 50. _____predisposition Increased likelihood of developing a condition based on genetics. Genetic
  26. 52. _____neurons Transmit commands from the CNS to muscles. Motor
  27. 53. Brain and spinal cord. AKA The Central nervous system CNS
  28. 55. Neurotransmitters that act as natural painkillers and mood enhancers. Endorphins
  29. 56. _____Drugs that cause perceptual distortions. Hallucinogens
  30. 58. _____Stimulant that increases dopamine levels. Cocaine
  31. 59. Major excitatory neurotransmitter involved in learning and memory. Glutamate
Down
  1. 1. Hormone that stimulates appetite. Ghrelin
  2. 2. Neurotransmitter involved in muscle action, learning, and memory. Acetylcholine
  3. 4. Hormone that regulates hunger and energy balance. Leptin
  4. 7. Major inhibitory neurotransmitter that reduces neuronal excitability. GABA
  5. 10. _____Drugs that decrease neural activity and slow body functions. Depressants
  6. 11. Transmission of traits from parents to offspring. Heredity
  7. 13. _____potential Electrical charge across the neuron membrane when not firing. Resting
  8. 15. Drugs that block or reduce neurotransmitter effects. Antagonists
  9. 16. _____Reduced response to a drug after repeated use. Tolerance
  10. 17. Hormone involved in social bonding and childbirth. Oxytocin
  11. 20. _____cells Support and protect neurons. Glial
  12. 24. _____studies Research comparing similarities between identical and fraternal twins. Twin
  13. 25. _____neurotransmitters Chemicals that stimulate neurons to fire. Excitatory
  14. 26. _____ inhibitors Drugs that block the reabsorption of neurotransmitters. Reuptake
  15. 28. _____Drugs that increase neural activity and energy. Stimulants
  16. 30. _____Compulsive drug use despite harmful consequences. Addiction
  17. 32. Controls involuntary bodily functions AKA The Autonomic nervous system. ANS
  18. 33. Neurotransmitter involved in arousal and alertness. Norepinephrine
  19. 34. _____arc Pathway for reflex actions. Reflex
  20. 36. _____selection Process where traits that enhance survival are passed on. Natural
  21. 39. Genetic and biological factors influencing development. Nature
  22. 40. Substance __ Neurotransmitter involved in pain perception. Substance
  23. 41. Minimum stimulus needed to trigger an action potential. Threshold
  24. 42. _____studies Research examining traits among family members. Family
  25. 44. ____neurotransmitters Chemicals that prevent neurons from firing. Inhibitory
  26. 45. _____studies Research comparing adopted children to their biological and adoptive parents. Adoption
  27. 46. Hormone that regulates sleep-wake cycles. Melatonin
  28. 49. _____Nerve cells transmitting information. Neurons
  29. 51. Reabsorption of neurotransmitters by the sending neuron. Reuptake
  30. 53. _____Stimulant that increases alertness. Caffeine
  31. 54. Neurotransmitter affecting mood, sleep, and appetite. Serotonin
  32. 57. _____nervous system Activates fight-or-flight response. Sympathetic