Biology

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Across
  1. 2. features in different species that perform similar functions but do not have the same structure (how it's made). These species do not have a common ancestor.
  2. 4. specialized structure that carries out a specific cell function in different parts of the cell at the same time
  3. 9. The process of copying DNA to make new DNA. DNA unzips, new nucleotides come in to create the complementary strand of DNA.
  4. 12. cell that has 2 complete sets of chromosomes, one set from each parent. These are somatic cells (body cells)
  5. 15. The genetic makeup of an organism •The two alleles inherited for a particular gene
  6. 16. unicellular organism with membrane-bound nucleus and organelles generally larger and more complex than a prokaryote
  7. 17. A molecule that can be bonded to another identical molecule.The smallest part of a biomolecule.
  8. 19. the central membrane-bound organelle that manages cellular function and contains DNA
  9. 20. a change in the nucleotide sequence of an organism’s DNA. May happen due to an error during replication or exposure to damaging agents.
  10. 21. a cell that has only one set of chromosomes. These are gametes (egg or sperm cells)
  11. 24. physical or behavioral change that makes a species more likely to be successful in its environment.
  12. 26. the three nucleotide sequence on a mRNA molecule that codes for one amino acid
  13. 27. Anything that eats or consumes other living organisms. All heterotrophs: they ingest food containing the sun’s energy. All Herbivores, Carnivores, Omnivores, Decomposers
  14. 28. a sequence of 3 nucleotides on a tRNA molecule that capers with a complementary codon on the mRNA
  15. 29. the process of making something, such as a new molecule or protein
  16. 30. Long string of nucleotides in DNA that code for a specific trait.
  17. 32. The semipermeable membrane that surrounds the cytoplasm
  18. 34. all living organisms inhabiting the Earth
  19. 38. Fat tissues that help keep an organism warm.
  20. 39. Variety The natural difference in DNA between individuals in the same species. For example: siblings with the exact same parents will still have DNA that is different from each other.
  21. 40. A particular gene is lost due to chance.This will cause the population to change, with some traits disappearing completely.
Down
  1. 1. Either of the two cells that are made during mitosis and cytokinesis. They are genetically identical to the parent cell.
  2. 3. a gene gets turned on in the DNA causing the RNA to create a protein so that that gene can be expressed in the organism
  3. 5. The ability of an organism to survive in its environment long enough to reproduce
  4. 6. a large molecule made up of monomers that are joined together
  5. 7. The total variety of organisms. The more different types of organisms = healthier ecosystem
  6. 8. The process of burning something
  7. 10. Regulation of an organisms internal environment to maintain conditions needed for life
  8. 11. the process by which organisms produce gametes. It goes through the same steps as mitosis, but it goes through them twice. Important because itincreases genetic variation in a population.
  9. 13. a specific sequence of DNA located on a chromosome. Contains the instructions to make a specific protein, creating an organism’s traits.
  10. 14. the process of humans changing an organism's DNA by adding, removing, or changing specific genes..
  11. 15. an alteration in the DNA sequence of an organism that may or may not be passed down to offspring.
  12. 18. Substances found in all living things that are necessary for biological processes
  13. 22. a specific characteristic of an organism. Such as eye color, height, etc
  14. 23. body cell. Like a skin cell or a stomach cell. Contains a complete set of chromosomes, ½ from mom, and ½ from dad.
  15. 25. the reduced genetic diversity in a new population caused by a small number of individuals being separated from a larger population. This will cause the new population to end up with a significant genetic difference from the original population.
  16. 31. Anything that absorbs more carbon from the atmosphere than it releases. Examples include: plants, ocean and soil
  17. 33. Also called: primary producer, producer, or PLANT. The beginning of a food chain
  18. 35. nonliving parts of the environment (i.e. temperature, soil, light, moisture, air currents
  19. 36. microscopic, unicellular organism without a nucleus or other membrane-bound organelles
  20. 37. The movement of genes from one population to another population of the same species.