Across
- 3. Non-living components of an ecosystem, including physical and chemical factors like temperature, water, and soil.
- 6. The process by which a cell expels large molecules, waste products, or other substances by merging vesicles with the cell membrane, releasing their contents outside the cell.
- 9. A passive transport process where specific transport proteins help move molecules, such as glucose or ions, across the cell membrane.
- 12. The ability of an organism to maintain a stable internal environment, regulating factors like temperature, pH, and nutrient levels to support proper function.
- 14. A large geographical region with distinct climate, plant, and animal communities.
- 15. A type of population growth where a population multiplies rapidly, resulting in a J-shaped curve on a graph.
- 16. A specialized structure within a eukaryotic cell that performs specific functions, such as the mitochondria for energy production and the nucleus for genetic control.
- 17. An ecosystem in which the population sizes and environmental conditions remain relatively consistent over time.
- 19. The diffusion of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane, typically from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration.
- 22. The number of individuals of a population per unit area or volume.
- 25. The movement of individuals into a population or area.
- 28. Two solutions with the same solute concentration, resulting in no net movement of water into or out of the cells placed in these solutions.
- 29. The process by which a cell engulfs large particles, fluids, or other cells by wrapping its cell membrane around them and forming a vesicle.
- 30. A group of individuals of the same species living in the same area and capable of interbreeding.
- 32. The circulation of elements and compounds like carbon, nitrogen, and water through Earth's various systems and processes.
- 33. The maximum number of individuals of a species that an environment can sustainably support.
- 34. A type of population growth where a population grows gradually, stabilizes near the carrying capacity of the environment, and results in an S-shaped curve on a graph.
Down
- 1. A solution with a lower solute concentration compared to another solution, which can cause cells placed in it to gain water and swell.
- 2. A group of different populations of organisms living and interacting in the same area.
- 4. Limiting factors that become more significant as a population's density increases, like competition for resources.
- 5. A single, individual living being that can carry out all basic life processes.
- 6. A type of cell or organism that possesses a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. Eukaryotic cells are typically more complex than prokaryotic cells.
- 7. The movement of molecules across a cell membrane without the expenditure of energy. This includes processes like diffusion and osmosis.
- 8. The passive movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration, which tends to equalize the concentration.
- 10. Factors, such as food availability, predation, or disease, that limit the growth of a population.
- 11. A community of living organisms (biotic) and their non-living (abiotic) environment, interacting as a system.
- 13. The movement of molecules across a cell membrane against their concentration gradient, requiring energy, often facilitated by specialized transport proteins.
- 18. A type of cell or organism that lacks a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. Prokaryotic cells are simpler in structure and include bacteria.
- 20. Transport proteins that use energy (usually ATP) to actively move molecules across the cell membrane.
- 21. Limiting factors that affect a population regardless of its density, such as natural disasters.
- 23. The movement of individuals out of a population or area.
- 24. The global sum of all ecosystems, including all living organisms and their interactions on Earth.
- 26. A solution with a higher solute concentration compared to another solution, which can cause cells placed in it to lose water and shrink.
- 27. The scientific study of the interactions between organisms and their environment, including the study of populations, communities, ecosystems, and their relationships.
- 31. Living components of an ecosystem, including all organisms such as plants, animals, and microorganisms.