Biology Exam 4

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Across
  1. 6. special nucleotide sequences that DNA molecules have
  2. 9. template stand
  3. 10. DNA sequence where RNA polymerase attaches and initiates transcription
  4. 12. the synthesis of a polypeptide using the info in the mRNA
  5. 14. enzymes that untwist the double helix at the replication forks, separating two parental stands making them available as template stands
  6. 15. noncoding segments of nucleic acid that lie between coding regions
  7. 16. the resulting polypeptide will be shorter than the polypeptide encoded by the normal gene
  8. 17. removes introns,exons together
  9. 18. crucial promoter DNA sequence
  10. 19. carries a genetic message from the DNA to the protein-synthesizing machinery of cell
  11. 21. RNA molecules that function as enzymes
  12. 23. mutation that has no observable effect on phenotype
  13. 27. the synthesis of RNA using info in the DNA
  14. 28. holds the tRNA carrying the next amino acid to be added to the chain
  15. 29. enzymes that catalyze the synthesis of new DNA by adding nucleotides to a preexisting chain
  16. 31. joins the sugar-phosphate backbone into a continuous DNA strand
  17. 32. RNA chain is called this and is synthesized by the enzyme primes
  18. 33. nucleotide triplet of base pairs on tRNA
  19. 34. nucleotide triplet in sequence
Down
  1. 1. removes a chromosomal segment
  2. 2. DNA structure(two strands)
  3. 3. reverses a segment within a chromosome
  4. 4. start reading to where you stop
  5. 5. binds to starting point on DNA synthesizes mRNA
  6. 7. strand
  7. 8. changes in a single nucleotide pair of a gene
  8. 11. the inactive x in each cell of a female condenses into a compact object
  9. 12. a rearrangement of the chromosomes from one chromosome to a non homologous chromosome
  10. 13. substitutions that change one amino acid to another one
  11. 20. holds the tRNA carrying the growing polypeptide chain
  12. 22. discharged tRNA leave the ribosome here
  13. 24. eventually expressed, usually by being translated into amino acid sequences
  14. 25. sequence that signals the end of transcription
  15. 26. during translation the message is a series of codons along an mRNA molecule and is translated by this
  16. 29. repeats a segment
  17. 30. a stage of RNA processing in the eukaryotic nucleus is the removal of large portions of the RNA molecule