Biology final

1. The division of a cell's cytoplasm, resulting in two separate daughter cells.
4. intestine The long, coiled organ where most digestion and nutrient absorption occur.
5. The division of a cell's nucleus, producing two genetically identical nuclei.
7. feedback A mechanism that amplifies or increases a change or response. Example: contractions during childbirth become stronger as labor progresses.
11. A large organ that processes nutrients, detoxifies harmful substances, produces bile for digestion, and helps regulate blood sugar.
12. The smallest blood vessels, where oxygen, nutrients, and wastes are exchanged between the blood and body tissues.
15. A specialized nerve cell that carries electrical signals throughout the nervous system.
16. The control center of the nervous system that processes information and coordinates the body's activities.
18. feedback A mechanism that reverses or reduces a change to maintain balance. Example: sweating cools the body when temperature rises.
19. transport Movement of substances across a cell membrane without using energy, from an area of high concentration to low concentration.

2. Any change in the environment that causes an organism or cell to respond.
3. The process by which the body maintains a stable internal environment despite changes inside or outside the body.
6. A dome-shaped muscle beneath the lungs that helps you breathe by expanding and contracting the chest cavity.
8. Tiny finger-like projections lining the small intestine that increase surface area and help absorb nutrients into the bloodstream.
9. Tiny air sacs in the lungs where oxygen enters the blood and carbon dioxide leaves the blood.
10. Organs that filter waste and excess water from the blood to produce urine and help maintain fluid balance.
13. transport Movement of substances across a cell membrane using energy, often from an area of low concentration to high concentration.
14. intestine The part of the digestive system that absorbs water and salts from undigested food and forms feces.
17. replication The process by which a cell copies its DNA before cell division.