Across
- 2. An organism’s genetic makeup for a particular trait.
- 5. the portion of a system’s energy that can perform work when temperature and pressure are uniform throughout the system, as in a living cell
- 6. 23 chromosomes
- 8. neutral, no charge
- 13. the diffusion of water across a cell membranes
- 15. proteins that are not embedded in the membrane lipid bilayer at al
- 18. usually expressed
- 20. Breeding an organism of unknown genotype with a recessive homozygote
- 24. the totality of an organism’s chemical reactions
- 25. how the cell ultimately acts do to the signal binding and can be almost any imaginable cellular activity
- 26. the solution with the higher concentration of water (less solute dissolved in it)
- 31. Mating, or crossing, of 2 varieties of peas is
- 33. different forms of one gene
- 35. the cell takes up large molecules within vesicles formed around them at the plasma membrane
- 37. An organism that has a pair of 2 different alleles for a particular trait
- 38. the solution has the same concentration of water as the solution on the other side of the membrane
- 39. is the actual division of genetic material (DNA) to produce two genetically-identical cells.
- 41. formed by an attraction between 2 different atoms that are so polar that the more electronegative atom COMPLETELY strips away an electron away from the other atom
- 43. Parents endow their offspring with coded information in the form of hereditary
- 46. Offspring are UNIQUE due to different combinations of genes being inherited from 2 parents
- 48. not typically expressed
- 49. when 2 gametes meet, then restores the DIPLOID
- 50. a substance consisting of two or more different elements combined in a fixed ratio
Down
- 1. interact with the external and internal water-based environment
- 3. cells engulf a particle or organism within a vesicle
- 4. atoms of an element that have the same number of protons, but a different amount of neutrons
- 7. the smallest unit of matter that still retains the properties of an element
- 9. transmits a signal that is a result of the ligand binding to the receptor
- 10. positively charged
- 11. An organism that has a pair of identical alleles for a particular trait
- 12. are internal to shield them from water-containing environment
- 14. cells “gulp” droplets of fluid or water within a vesicle
- 16. the target cell’s detection of the signaling molecule (ie. hormone) coming from outside the cell
- 17. is the division of the cytoplasm to the two genetically-identical cells.
- 19. 46 chromosomes
- 21. Offspring are EXACT GENETIC COPIES of parent
- 22. membrane proteins that have short carbohydrate chains bound to them
- 23. the sharing of electrons between 2 or more atoms to form a molecule(s) or compound(s)
- 27. helps the membrane resist changes in fluidity when the temperature changes (either increases or decreases in temperature)
- 28. a substance that cannot be broken down into other substances by chemical reactions
- 29. water is a polar molecule and its passage across the membrane is greatly enhanced by these channel proteins
- 30. the solution with the lower concentration of water (more stuff dissolved in it)
- 32. An organism’s observable appearance particular trait.
- 34. large molecules within vesicles dissolve into the plasma membrane and are secreted to the outside of the cell
- 36. reproductive cells that transmit genes from one generation to the next
- 40. proteins that penetrate the hydrophobic interior of the lipid bilayer
- 42. creates gametes
- 44. anything that takes up space and has mass
- 45. negatively charged
- 47. the DNA in a cell