Biology Review

3. nucleic acid that consists of a long chain of nucleotides
5. receives oxygen poor blood
12. a hollow, muscular organ that pumps blood around the body
13. a hollow ball of cells
15. is made continuously from one primer (2 words)
18. eat other animals
19. have three chamber heart: two atria, one ventricle
21. many aquatic invertebrates and most aquatic chordates exchange gases through
22. heart or heart like organs forces blood through
23. insertion and deletion are also know as (2 words)
25. untwists the double helix and exposes complementary strands
27. digest food inside specialized cells that pass nutrients to other cells by diffusion (2 words)
31. have a four chamber heart that are actually two separate pumps working next to one another
32. making RNA from a sequence of DNA bases
34. these animals exhibit four characteristics during at least one stage of life
35. after proteins are built they transfer each amino acid to the ribosome
38. the decoding of mRNA into protein
39. occurs in the nucleus of eukaryotes & cytoplasm of prokaryotes (2 words)
42. reverses direction of parts of a chromosome
43. RNA contains A, C, G, U, which are letters of a language called (2 words)
44. genes carry instructions from DNA for assembling amino acids into protein
45. one base is changed to a different base
46. outermost layer, produces organs, nerves, and the outer layer of skin

1. proteins are built on ribosomes
2. the process of change overtime
4. natural selection occurs through this (4 words)
6. pre-mRNA molecules have small pieces that are cut out and discarded
7. in RNA the sugar is this instead of deoxyribose
8. structures that concentrate waste and add them to digest wastes (2 words)
9. eat plants or parts of plants
10. heritable changes in genetic information
11. is assembled in segments created from many primers (2 words)
14. only works in one direction (2 words)
16. digest food in a tube which had two openings (2 words)
17. include skin, mantle cavities, book lungs, and tracheal tubes (2 words)
20. one specific amino acid
24. organs that exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide between blood and air
26. land vertebrates use these to get rid of ammonia
28. begins or continues in a stomach that secretes digestive enzymes (2 words)
29. obtain extra nutrients from the bacteria
30. father of evolution
33. part of a chromosome breaks off and attaches to another
36. land invertebrates produce urine in
37. animals remove ammonia waste through the process of
40. spongy cavities
41. pumps blood out oxygen rich blood
45. possible three-base codons in the genetic code (2 words)