Across
- 2. The substance an enzyme acts on. They may be broken apart or put together. The reactant.
- 5. Uses the energy of the sun to synthesize (make) organic compounds (sugars) from inorganic compounds (CO2 and water)
- 8. a specific sequence of DNA located on a chromosome. Contains the instructions to make a specific protein, creating an organism’s traits.
- 13. - The total variety of organisms. The more different types of organisms = healthier ecosystem
- 14. A molecule of DNA that is tightly coiled. Carries the genetic information of an individual. Humans have 46 (23 pairs) = ½ from father, ½ from mother.
- 16. - The ability of an organism to survive in its environment long enough to reproduce
- 17. - A lack of evolutionary change over a long period during the history of a species. The species stays the same for hundreds or thousands or even millions of years
- 19. nonliving parts of the environment (i.e. temperature, soil, light, moisture, air currents
- 20. - Ingest (eat) food containing the sun’s energy. All Herbivores, Carnivores, Omnivores, Decomposers
- 22. - the slow, gradual genetic change in an entire population of organisms over time...a looooooooong time!
- 23. - species evolve through small,sometimes hard to see, changes over long periods of time. Suggests that evolutionary processes are continuous.
- 25. Substances found in all living things that are necessary for biological processes.
- 28. matter - anything that was alive and is now in or on the soil. For it to become organic matter, it must be decomposed into humus.
- 29. The process of copying DNA to make new DNA. DNA unzips, new nucleotides come in to create the complementary strand of DNA.
- 30. A substance that is present at the start of a chemical reaction and is altered during the reaction. What is put together to make something new.
- 34. Destruction of an enzyme by temperature or other factors.
- 36. - Microscopic plants that float among the other plankton in the upper layer of the oceans. Phyto means plant or plant-like. So they go through photosynthesis. Often the primary producer for ocean food webs
- 38. - the formation of a new species can occur in a variety of ways. Final result is a new species that can no longer successfully interbreed with the original species
- 40. - a taxonomic group that includes multiple species that are closely related and share common characteristics
Down
- 1. Make a reaction start faster
- 3. - The concentration of a toxin (like a pesticide) in the tissues of organisms in a lower trophic level gets passed up to the next level when they get eaten. These toxins cannot be flushed out of the body, so each trophic level ends up with higher amounts of toxic material in their tissues.
- 4. a large molecule made up of monomers that are joined together.
- 6. Releases energy by breaking down glucose and other foods in the presence of oxygen. Must know the formula:
- 7. factor - any biotic or abiotic factor that restricts the existence of organisms in a specific environment. Amount of water, food, space, Temperature, Availability of mates
- 9. - unicellular organism with membrane-bound nucleus and organelles; generally larger and more complex than a prokaryote.
- 10. - substance that is able to kill or inhibit the growth of bacteria.
- 11. - Anything that eats or consumes other living organisms. All heterotrophs: they ingest food containing the sun’s energy. All Herbivores, Carnivores, Omnivores, Decomposers
- 12. - Differences in the sequences of genes between individuals. This is what makes organisms of the same species look different from each other.
- 15. - specialized structure that carries out a specific cell function in different parts of the cell at the same time.
- 18. - microscopic, unicellular organism without a nucleus or other membrane-bound organelles.
- 21. a specific characteristic of an organism. Such as eye color, height, etc.
- 24. - A substance used for destroying insects or other organisms. Overuse can kill beneficial organisms in the soil. Overuse can runoff into rivers and streams killing beneficial organisms in the water.
- 26. - physical or behavioral change that makes a species more likely to be successful in its environment.
- 27. Fat tissues that help keep an organism warm.
- 31. - the central membrane-bound organelle that manages cellular functions and contains DNA.
- 32. Division - one cell divides into two new daughter cells
- 33. sink - Anything that absorbs more carbon from the atmosphere than it releases. Examples include: plants, ocean and soil
- 35. Proteins that act as a catalyst to accelerate a reaction. They are NOT permanently changed in the process, so they are reusable. The work with specific substrates. Their name end in -ASE
- 37. - the scientific study of interactions between organisms and their environments, focusing on energy transfer. The science of relationships
- 39. the end result of a biological or chemical process, what was made or created.