Across
- 6. series of changes in the species in a community, often following a disturbance
- 8. ability of an organism to survive and reproduce under circumstances that differ from their optimal conditions
- 9. permanently dark layer of the oceans below the photic zone
- 12. states that no two species can occupy the same niche in the same habitat at the same time
- 17. A relationship between two organisms of different species where one benefits and the other is harmed
- 19. term used to refer to trees that produce seed-bearing cones and have thin leaves shaped like needles
- 21. A habitat in which the fresh water of a river meets the salt water of the ocean.
- 22. Natural situation in which heat is retained in Earth's atmosphere by carbon dioxide, methane, water vapor, and other gases
- 23. An interaction in which one organism captures and feeds on another organism
- 25. permanently frozen layer of soil beneath the surface of the ground
- 30. Dense covering formed by the leafy tops of tall rain forest trees
- 31. A species that influences the survival of many other species in an ecosystem
- 32. Biome in which the winters are cold but summers are mild enough to allow the ground to thaw
Down
- 1. any necessity of life, such as water, nutrients, light, food, or space
- 2. Trees and shrubs that shed their leaves at the end of the growing season
- 3. First species to populate an area during primary succession
- 4. Succession following a disturbance that destroys a community without destroying the soil
- 5. interaction in which ones species benefits, the other is not affected
- 7. organisms that live on, or in rocks and sediments on the bottoms of lakes, streams, and oceans
- 10. Day-to-day conditions of Earth's atmosphere
- 11. environmental conditions that vary over small distances
- 13. Tiny organisms that float in the water
- 14. Portion of the marine biome that is shallow enough for sunlight to penetrate.
- 15. A close relationship between two species that benefits at least one of the species.
- 16. Place where an organism lives
- 18. Describes not only what an organism does, but also how it interacts with biotic and abiotic factors in the environment
- 20. A land area that is covered with a shallow layer of water during some or all of the year
- 24. interaction in which one animal (the herbivore) feeds on producers (such as plants)
- 25. An ecological succession that begins in an area where no biotic community previously existed
- 26. A layer of shorter plants that grow in the shade of a forest canopy.
- 27. A relationship between two species in which both species benefit
- 28. The average weather conditions in an area over a long period of time
- 29. material formed from decaying leaves and other organic matter