Across
- 11. - movement of individuals into an area occupied by an existing population
- 12. - organism that obtains energy by eating animals
- 14. - a symbiotic relationship in which one organism lives on or inside another organism and harms it
- 15. - organism that feeds on plant and animal remains and other dead matter
- 16. level - each step in a food chain or food web
- 18. producer - first producer of energy-rich compounds that are later used by other organisms
- 20. - symbiotic relationship in which one organism benefits and the other is neither helped nor harmed
- 22. - assemblage of different populations that live together in a defined area
- 24. - organism that obtains energy by eating only plants
- 26. - relationship in which two species live close together
- 31. - all the organisms that live in a place, together with their nonliving environment
- 34. - small free-floating animals that form part of plankton
- 36. - process in which chemical energy is used to produce carbohydrates
- 38. - interaction in which one organism (the predator) captures and feeds on another organism (the prey)
- 40. - any necessity of life, such as water, nutrients, light, food, or space
- 41. factor - factor that causes population growth to decrease
- 42. web - network of complex interactions formed by the feeding relationships among the various organisms in an ecosystem
- 43. species - single species that is not usually abundant in a community yet exerts strong control on the structure of a community
Down
- 1. limiting factor - limiting factor that affects all populations in similar ways, regardless of the population density
- 2. - symbiotic relationship in which both species benefit from the relationship
- 3. - area where an organism lives including the biotic and abiotic factors that affect it
- 4. capacity - largest number of individuals of a particular species that a particular environment can support
- 5. - organism that obtains energy by eating both plants and animals
- 6. factor - physical, or nonliving, factor that shapes an ecosystem
- 7. limiting factor - limiting factor that depends on population density
- 8. factor - any living part of the environment with which an organism might interact
- 9. structure- the number of males and females of each age in a population
- 10. - ability of an organism to survive and reproduce under circumstances that differ from their optimal conditions
- 13. growth - growth pattern in which the individuals in a population reproduce at a constant rate
- 17. exclusion principle - principle that states that no two species can occupy the same niche in the same habitat at the same time
- 19. movement of individuals out of an area
- 21. - part of Earth in which life exists including land, water, and air or atmosphere
- 22. - organism that relies on other organisms for its energy and food supply; also called a heterotroph
- 23. - full range of physical and biological conditions in which an organism lives and the way in which the organism uses those conditions
- 25. growth - growth pattern in which a population’s growth slows and then stops following a period of exponential growth
- 27. - animal that consumes the carcasses of other animals
- 28. - photosynthetic algae found near the surface of the ocean
- 29. - organism that breaks down and obtains energy from dead organic matter
- 30. pyramid - illustration of the relative amounts of energy or matter contained within each trophic level in a given food chain or food web
- 32. density - number of individuals per unit area
- 33. - a group of ecosystems that share similar climates and typical organisms
- 35. - scientific study of interactions among organisms and between organisms and their environment
- 37. - total amount of living tissue within a given trophic level
- 39. chain - a series of steps in an ecosystem in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten