Across
- 2. storage site for neurotransmitters
- 4. electrical signal that moves down the neuron’s axon
- 7. essential for processing sensory information from across the body, such as touch, temperature, and pain
- 8. collection of structures involved in processing emotion and memory
- 11. made up of billions of neurons and controls our thoughts, responses, and movements; divided into the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS)
- 17. cells in the nervous system that act as interconnected information processors, which are essential for all of the tasks of the nervous system
- 19. left or right half of the brain
- 20. view that psychological disorders like depression and schizophrenia are associated with imbalances in one or more neurotransmitter systems
- 22. magnetic fields used to produce a picture of the tissue being imaged
- 23. individual’s inheritable physical characteristics
- 25. chemical messenger released by endocrine glands
- 26. small gap between two neurons where communication occurs
- 27. hindbrain structure that connects the brain and spinal cord; involved in regulating brain activity during sleep
- 30. part of the cerebral cortex associated with visual processing; contains the primary visual cortex
- 32. cell body
- 34. important for speech comprehension
- 38. associated with routine, day-to-day operations of the body
- 41. part of cerebral cortex associated with hearing, memory, emotion, and some aspects of language; contains primary auditory cortex
- 42. hindbrain structure that controls our balance, coordination, movement, and motor skills, and it is thought to be important in processing some types of memory
- 44. forebrain structure that regulates sexual motivation and behavior and a number of homeostatic processes; serves as an interface between the nervous system and the endocrine system
- 45. deep groove in the brain’s cortex
- 48. largest part of the brain, containing the cerebral cortex, the thalamus, and the limbic system, among other structures
- 49. nervous system cell that provides physical and metabolic support to neurons, including neuronal insulation and communication, and nutrient and waste transport
- 50. part of the cerebral cortex involved in processing various sensory and perceptual information; contains the primary somatosensory cortex
- 52. axon terminal containing synaptic vesicles
- 53. area in the frontal lobe responsible for higher-level cognitive functioning
- 54. fatty substance that insulates axons
- 55. sensory relay for the brain
- 58. part of the cerebral cortex involved in reasoning, motor control, emotion, and language; contains motor cortex
- 60. nervous system's ability to change
- 61. helix-shaped molecule made of nucleotide base pairs
- 62. neurotransmitter is pumped back into the neuron that released it
- 63. brain and spinal cord
- 64. state of equilibrium—biological conditions, such as body temperature, are maintained at optimal levels
- 65. division of the brain located between the forebrain and the hindbrain; contains the reticular formation
- 66. series of glands that produce chemical substances known as hormones
- 67. activation of the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system, allowing access to energy reserves and heightened sensory capacity so that we might fight off a given threat or run away to safety
- 68. MRI that shows changes in metabolic activity over time
- 69. controls our internal organs and glands
- 70. sits atop our kidneys and secretes hormones involved in the stress response
Down
- 1. recording the electrical activity of the brain via electrodes on the scalp
- 3. concept that each hemisphere of the brain is associated with specialized functions
- 5. region in the left hemisphere that is essential for language production
- 6. connects the brain and spinal cord to the muscles, organs and senses in the periphery of the body
- 9. strip of cortex in the temporal lobe that is responsible for processing auditory information
- 10. long strand of genetic information
- 12. involved in stress-related activities and functions
- 13. genetic makeup of an individual
- 14. chemical messenger of the nervous system
- 15. sudden, permanent change in a gene
- 16. the state of readiness of a neuron membrane’s potential between signals
- 18. major extension of the soma
- 21. structure in the temporal lobe associated with learning and memory
- 22. hindbrain structure that controls automated processes like breathing, blood pressure, and heart rate
- 24. depressions or grooves in the cerebral cortex
- 28. thick band of neural fibers connecting the brain’s two hemispheres
- 29. structure in the limbic system involved in our experience of emotion and tying emotional meaning to our memories
- 31. secretes a number of key hormones, which regulate fluid levels in the body, and a number of messenger hormones, which direct the activity of other glands in the endocrine system
- 33. secretes hormones that regulate blood sugar
- 35. involves injecting individuals with a mildly radioactive substance and monitoring changes in blood flow to different regions of the brain
- 36. strip of cortex involved in planning and coordinating movement
- 37. sequence of DNA that controls or partially controls physical characteristics
- 39. relays sensory and motor information to and from the CNS
- 40. branch-like extension of the soma that receives incoming signals from other neurons
- 43. specific version of a gene
- 46. surface of the brain that is associated with our highest mental capabilities
- 47. protein on the cell surface where neurotransmitters attach
- 51. midbrain structure important in regulating the sleep/wake cycle, arousal, alertness, and motor activity
- 56. division of the brain containing the medulla, pons, and cerebellum
- 57. open spaces that are found in the myelin sheath that encases the axon
- 59. secretes hormones that regulate growth, metabolism, and appetite