Black Holes

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Across
  1. 3. Relation between mass of a galaxy’s central SMBH and the stellar velocity dispersion in that galaxy
  2. 5. Geometrically-thick, radiation-pressure-supported accretion disk
  3. 8. Part of a galaxy that forms at the same time as its supermassive black hole
  4. 10. Method used to create accurate black hole images by tracing paths of photons
  5. 12. Supermassive black hole observed transitioning from a dormant state to an active state
  6. 13. Point of infinite spacetime curvature inside a black hole
  7. 14. Accretion disks emit this type of radiation mostly in X-rays
  8. 17. Rapidly-accreting stellar-mass black hole
  9. 18. Approach of merging black holes
  10. 19. Another name for an acoustic black hole
  11. 21. This principle postulates that all information in a black hole is encoded on its event horizon
  12. 23. Type of singularity also known as “lightlike”
  13. 24. Rapid variation in an accretion disk’s brightness
  14. 27. Disruption of a star by a black hole’s gravity, for short
  15. 28. Gravitational wave detection locale
  16. 29. Region around a spinning black hole
  17. 31. Proposed alternative to black holes
  18. 32. M87’s central black hole is an example of one
  19. 34. Scientist who created the first simulated image of a black hole in 1979
  20. 38. The collision of two black holes
  21. 40. Karl in physics
  22. 42. Rotation of a disk in the same direction as its black hole is said to be this
  23. 43. Character used to denote a strong radio source, as spoken aloud
  24. 45. Quantum description of a black hole in string theory
  25. 46. Black holes as “massive compact halo objects” (MACHOs) have been theorized to be this
  26. 50. Double star system containing a black hole or neutron star and a regular star
  27. 51. Era of black hole research from the mid-1960s to the mid-1970s
  28. 54. A star must be at least this many solar masses to have a chance to evolve into a black hole
  29. 55. Matter approaching an event horizon experiences this relativistic phenomenon
  30. 57. Limit that governs the maximum accretion rate of a black hole
  31. 58. Miller’s Planet, for one
  32. 59. According to John Wheeler, black holes lack this
  33. 65. Beam of relativistic, ionized matter
  34. 66. A line showing the path of an object near a black hole
  35. 67. Location of the first widely-accepted black hole
  36. 69. The existence of Hawking radiation suggests that this may be lost in black holes
  37. 70. The cosmic censorship conjecture forbids this kind of singularity
  38. 72. Quasar, e.g. (abbrev.)
Down
  1. 1. Emission of gravitational waves just after a black hole merger
  2. 2. One of the earliest uses of the term “black hole” was in comparison to a prison in this location
  3. 4. Parameter representing how easily photons can move through and out of an accretion disk
  4. 6. Event that triggers gravitational collapse
  5. 7. The extremely long time calculated for two SMBHs to merge has been called the final ____ problem
  6. 9. Stellar merger that produces a black hole
  7. 11. One of three properties of a classical black hole
  8. 15. Lower mass limit for stellar black holes
  9. 16. Horizon named after a French mathematician
  10. 17. Only particles with this property can escape from the plunging region
  11. 20. Hypothetical type of neutron star that will collapse into a black hole if its rate of rotation decreases
  12. 22. Black hole created by immense quantity of electromagnetic radiation
  13. 24. Early-universe star type and candidate progenitor of intermediate-mass black holes
  14. 25. Extreme rotation of spacetime near a spinning black hole
  15. 26. Physicist who proved that general relativistic black holes must have singularities
  16. 30. Black hole type of the early universe
  17. 33. Type of black hole with no singularities
  18. 35. This law of black hole thermodynamics says that surface gravity is constant across the event horizon
  19. 36. SMBH of an estimated 100 billion solar masses
  20. 37. Extreme electromagnetic emission that is believed to occur during a supernova
  21. 39. The singularity of a Kerr black hole has been theorized to be this
  22. 41. Type of black hole formation that could explain high-redshift quasars
  23. 44. Force that heats an accretion disk
  24. 47. A black hole would need a mass less than this astronomical object to be able to lose mass
  25. 48. Even this extreme form of pressure cannot always prevent collapse to a black hole
  26. 49. Binary system with an unseen black hole and a visible normal star
  27. 52. Early universe objects that may have been direct-collapse black holes
  28. 53. Spacecraft that discovered the nearest-known black hole
  29. 56. Group of telescopes that took the first image of a black hole, for short
  30. 60. Change of a black hole’s axis of rotation due to merging with another black hole
  31. 61. Physicist Ezra
  32. 62. Gravitational warping of light
  33. 63. A black hole with the maximum charge and/or spin possible for its mass
  34. 64. Star that orbits the galactic center black hole every 16 years, as read aloud
  35. 67. Hotter than the Hawking temperature of all known black holes, meaning they cannot lose mass
  36. 68. Region of a black hole that appears black
  37. 71. Rotating, uncharged black hole