Blood Transfusion Risks

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Across
  1. 1. negative, lacking in D antigens (Van Leeuwen & Bladh, 2017).
  2. 7. infections, Bacterial or viral infections such as West Nile, HIV, cytomegalovirus, and other diseases that occur due to transfusions (Sommers, 2019).
  3. 11. Blood donated by you (Gersten & Zieve, 2019).
  4. 12. nonhemolytic transfusion reaction (FNHTR), sensitization to donor white blood cell antigens; symptoms include fever, chills, headache, respiratory distress (Sommers, 2019).
  5. 14. associated circulatory overload, Acronym for a potentially life-threatening pulmonary complication associated with up to 24% transfusion associated patient fatalities (Henneman, 2017).
  6. 15. sensitivity to foreign proteins; signs and symptoms include hives, urticaria, fever, and flushing (Sommers, 2019).
  7. 16. toxicity, Results in hypocalcemia that can be treated by slowing the infusion rate or calcium replacement (Sahu et al., 2014).
  8. 17. To coagulate. (Venes, 2021)
  9. 18. Acronym for down-regulations of a person’s immune system after allogeneic blood transfusion (Sahu et al., 2014).
  10. 21. risk, A decreasing risk of current infectious agents infecting people through the administration of the blood supply (Bielby et al., 2014).
  11. 23. - Acronym for an adverse reaction from a transfusion that is not due to an infection (Sahu et al., 2014).
  12. 24. Acronym for a disease when donor white cells can attack the recipient’s skin, liver, bowel and marrow after a blood transfusion, very rare (Venes, 2021).
  13. 26. blood management, acronym for A process of individualized care for patients that consists of: preoperative optimisation of blood volume and red cell mass; minimisation of perioperative blood loss; and tolerance of postoperative anemia (Bielby et al., 2014).
  14. 27. , Procedure that involves removing plasma from blood and replacing it with donated plasma (A.D.A.M. Medical Encyclopedia, n.d.).
  15. 29. - Acronym for what is infused in patients with abnormal coagulation tests (Vibede et al., 2017)
  16. 30. risk, The risk of administering the wrong blood product that is created in the process of distribution of blood like the one in forty thousand chance of a ABO/Rh mismatch (Bielby et al., 2014).
  17. 32. common symptom of an allergic reaction; often are characterized by redness and itching (Sommers, 2019).
  18. 35. The probability that a loss or something dangerous or harmful will occur (Venes, 2021)
  19. 36. The passage of a disease from one person to another. (Venes, 2021)
  20. 38. occurs when > 150 mg/dL of free hemoglobin is present in the blood (Sommers, 2019).
  21. 39. reaction that occurs within a few seconds to minutes of transfusion (Sommers, 2019).
  22. 41. hemolytic reactions, ABO incompatibility reaction to red blood cell antigens (Sommers, 2019).
  23. 42. reactions, reaction that occurs more than 48 hours after transfusion (Sommers, 2019).
  24. 44. Antibodies, Test done to determine platelet transfusion compatibility (Van Leeuwen & Bladh, 2017b).
  25. 45. factors, Factors that cause adverse reactions related to improper handling, storage, and administration (Sommers, 2019).
  26. 46. Disorder, Type of disorder regarding the blood. (Douglas et al., 2015)
  27. 48. blood containing proteins that do not match with the host (Sommers, 2019).
  28. 49. typing, series of tests to determine the types of surface antigens on RBCs (Van Leeuwen & Bladh, 2017).
  29. 50. Low platelet count (Venes, 2021).
  30. 51. Blood that flows through the circulatory system of an organism (Venes, 2021)
Down
  1. 2. Breakdown of red blood cells. (McCoy et al., 2021)
  2. 3. related acute lung injury, Life threatening adverse event that can cause pulmonary edema due to the increased pulmonary vessel permeability from an immune mediated condition of a transfusion reaction. (Henneman, 2017).
  3. 4. Removal of white blood cells from blood before transfusion (“Leukoreduction,” 2021).
  4. 5. donor, A person who has group O red blood cells. In a life-threatening emergency, this person’s cells can be transfused into any patient in need of red blood cells. (Venes, 2021)
  5. 6. Signs, Obtained before, during, and after blood transfusions. It is recommended to monitor this routinely after blood transfusions (Cortez-Gann et al., 2017).
  6. 8. dyspnea, This accounts for 6.8% of clinical manifestations of transfusion reactions (Vital de Freitas et al., 2014).
  7. 9. B, Widespread inflammation of the liver that results in degeneration and necrosis of liver cells (Sommers, 2019).
  8. 10. Compatibility between the tissues of different individuals so that one accepts the tissue from another without having an immune reaction (Venes, 2021).
  9. 13. Drug used to treat febrile reactions from transfusion, is an analgesic (Sarode, 2022).
  10. 18. Collection of blood or a blood component from a donor followed by its infusion into a recipient. (Venes, 2021)
  11. 19. Spectrum of infection caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (Venes, 2021).
  12. 20. risk, The risk of an adverse reaction with poor clinical outcome that is hard to decrease due to the lack of knowledge of patients who have these adverse reactions (Bielby et al., 2014).
  13. 22. transmitted infections, Examples of this term are bacterial or viral infections, like HIV, prion disease, malaria, etc. (Sommers, 2019).
  14. 25. Intravascular Coagulation, Life-threatening condition in which bleeding and clotting occur simultaneously due to an overactivation of the clotting mechanisms; enhanced fibrin production and fibrinolysis (Sommers, 2019).
  15. 27. Acronym for a reaction caused by a reduction of recipient and donor platelets due to foreign antigens on donor platelets (“Purpura,” 2021).
  16. 28. When the body recognizes a protein as foreign and mounts an immune response against it; this can occur against transfused blood cells (Blackhall, 2017).
  17. 31. Sudden but mild allergic reaction to blood transfusion that causes itching (Sahu et al., 2014).
  18. 33. Conservation Strategies, A distinct blood management practice that encompasses preoperative, intraoperative (prevention of hyperthermia, patient positioning, medications, etc), and postoperative strategies (Bielby et al., 2014).
  19. 34. Low white blood cells, either granulocytes or lymphocytes, or both (Venes, 2021).
  20. 37. failure, A pathological condition that is marked by a significant, sudden decline in the capabilities of filtration of the kidneys (“Failure,” 2021). This pathological complication can also be caused by acute intravascular hemolysis (Battard, 2016).
  21. 40. A practice that ensures protection from harm or injury. (Venes, 2021)
  22. 43. Condition in which your blood has a lower than normal amount of red blood cells or hemoglobin (Venes, 2021).
  23. 44. Inflammation of a vein (Venes, 2021)
  24. 47. Fluid that contains cells, carries nourishment, electrolytes, hormones, antibodies, and vitamins; circulates throughout the body (Venes, 2021)