Across
- 2. is a very complex structure with a range of different neuron clusters (nuclei and colliculi), neural pathways and other structures. These features facilitate various functions, from hearing and movement to calculating responses and environmental changes.
- 4. the back part of the brain that is involved with vision
- 7. the origin for four of the 12 cranial nerves, which enable a range of activities such as tear production, chewing, blinking, focusing vision, balance, hearing and facial expression. Named for the Latin word for “bridge,”
- 9. the sides of the brain, temporal lobes are involved in short-term memory, speech, musical rhythm and some degree of smell recognition.
- 10. is a fist-sized portion of the brain located at the back of the head, below the temporal and occipital lobes and above the brainstem. Like the cerebral cortex, it has two hemispheres.
- 13. extends from the bottom of the medulla and through a large opening in the bottom of the skull. Supported by the vertebrae, this carries messages to and from the brain and the rest of the body.
- 15. a thin, weblike layer of connective tissue that does not contain nerves or blood vessels
- 17. This is divided into two halves, or hemispheres. It is covered with ridges (gyri) and folds (sulci). The two halves join at a large, deep sulcus (the interhemispheric fissure, AKA the medial longitudinal fissure) that runs from the front of the head to the back.
Down
- 1. The largest lobe of the brain, located in the front of the head, this is involved in personality characteristics, decision-making and movement
- 3. The largest part of the brain, this initiates and coordinates movement and regulates temperature. Other areas of the this section enable speech, judgment, thinking and reasoning, problem-solving, emotions and learning. Other functions relate to vision, hearing, touch and other senses.
- 5. located deep in the brain and attached by a stalk to the top of the third ventricle. This responds to light and dark and secretes melatonin, which regulates circadian rhythms and the sleep-wake cycle.
- 6. a thin, weblike layer of connective tissue that does not contain nerves or blood vessels
- 7. The middle part of the brain, this helps a person identify objects and understand spatial relationships (where one’s body is compared with objects around the person). This is also involved in interpreting pain and touch in the body.
- 8. A curved seahorse-shaped organ on the underside of each temporal lobe, this is part of a larger structure called the hippocampal formation. It supports memory, learning, navigation and perception of space. It receives information from the cerebral cortex and may play a role in Alzheimer’s disease.
- 11. Functions of this regulate many bodily activities, including heart rhythm, breathing, blood flow, and oxygen and carbon dioxide levels. This produces reflexive activities such as sneezing, vomiting, coughing and swallowing.
- 12. The outermost layer, is thick and tough. It includes two layers: The periosteal layer of the dura mater lines the inner dome of the skull (cranium) and the meningeal layer is below that.
- 14. Sometimes called the “master gland,” this is a pea-sized structure found deep in the brain behind the bridge of the nose. This governs the function of other glands in the body, regulating the flow of hormones
- 16. This is located above the pituitary gland and sends it chemical messages that control its function. It regulates body temperature, synchronizes sleep patterns, controls hunger and thirst and also plays a role in some aspects of memory and emotion.