Across
- 3. This theory suggests that primary needs are address first, before higher-level needs are address
- 6. The grouping of jobs that perform similar functional activities, such as finance, manufacturing, marketing, and human resources
- 11. Giving employees not only tasks but also empowering them to make commitments, use resources, and take whatever actions are necessary to carry out those tasks
- 12. An informal channel of communication, separate from management’s formal, official communication channels
- 13. A structure that sets up teams from different departments, thereby creating two or more intersecting lines of authority; also called a project-management structure
- 14. The simplest organizational structure in which direct lines of authority extend from the top manager to the lowest level of the organization
- 16. The arrangement of jobs around the needs of various types of customers
Down
- 1. The grouping of jobs into working units usually called departments, units, groups, or divisions
- 2. A structure in which authority is concentrated at the top and very little decision-making authority is delegated to lower levels
- 4. The grouping of jobs according to geographic location, such as state, region, country, or continent
- 5. A structure that has a traditional line relationship between superiors and subordinates and also specialized managers—called staff managers—who are available to assist line managers
- 7. A structure in which decision-making authority is delegated as far down the chain of command as possible
- 8. The principle that employees who accept an assignment and the authority to carry it out are answerable to a superior for the outcome
- 9. A permanent, formal group that performs a specific task
- 10. A structure that organizes departments into larger groups called divisions
- 15. Two or more individuals who communicate with one another, share a common identity, and have a common goal