Calculus

3. Series / a set of frequencies consisting of a fundamental and the harmonics related to it by an exact fraction.
8. / a function whose derivative exists at each point in its domain.
11. / a quantity representing the power to which a fixed number
12. / the maximum extent of a vibration or oscillation, measured from the position of equilibrium.
13. / deviation of a curve or orbit from circularity.
16. Notation / uses the symbols dx and dy to represent infinitely small (or infinitesimal) increments of x and y, respectively, just as Δx and Δy represent finite increments of x and y, respectively.
18. / an increase or decrease in the magnitude of a property (e.g., temperature, pressure, or concentration) observed in passing from one point or moment to another.

1. / the center of mass of a geometric object of uniform density.
2. base) must be raised to produce a given number.
4. / the unbroken and consistent existence or operation of something over a period of time.
5. / the process of finding the greatest or least value of a function for some constraint
6. / measures the instantaneous rate of change of the function, as distinct from its average rate of change
7. / the inner product of the operator del and a given vector
8. / a branch of mathematics concerned chiefly with the study of the rate of change of functions with respect to their variables especially through the use of derivatives
9. / a line that continually approaches a given curve but does not meet it at any finite distance.
10. / a fixed line used in describing a curve or surface.
11. / the value that a function or sequence "approaches" as the input or index approaches some value.
13. / a three-dimensional figure whose plane sections are ellipses or circles.
14. Rule / a method for computing (f ∘ g)′(t) in terms of f′ and g′.
15. Circle / a circle with a radius of one.
17. / having an outline or surface that curves inward like the interior of a circle or sphere.