Cancer Biology

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Across
  1. 3. Control mechanism that ensures DNA is intact before the next cell-cycle phase
  2. 5. Transcription factor activated under hypoxia to induce VEGF and EPO
  3. 8. Matrix metalloprotease that degrades the extracellular matrix during invasion
  4. 10. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition enabling motility and invasion
  5. 15. Proto-oncogene that activates CDKs and represses p21 and p27
  6. 16. Kinase that senses double-strand DNA breaks and activates p53
  7. 17. Chronic version of this process can promote cancer progression
  8. 19. Guardian of the Genome that halts the cell cycle after DNA damage
  9. 20. Gene that normally prevents cell cycle progression or promotes apoptosis
  10. 21. Tumor suppressor that binds E2F to block S phase until phosphorylated
  11. 22. E3 ubiquitin ligase that targets HIF-alpha for degradation under normoxia
  12. 24. Formation of new blood vessels that supply a growing tumor
  13. 25. Spread of cancer cells to distant organs through blood or lymph
  14. 27. Mitochondrial protein that activates Apaf-1 to form the apoptosome
  15. 29. Partner of CDK4/6 needed to push cells through G1
  16. 30. Permanent cell-cycle arrest triggered by telomere shortening
  17. 31. Anti-apoptotic protein first identified in B-cell lymphomas
Down
  1. 1. Protease that executes apoptosis by cleaving cellular proteins
  2. 2. Catastrophic chromosome shattering and reassembly seen in some cancers
  3. 4. Gene that, when mutated or overactive, drives uncontrolled cell growth
  4. 6. Actin-rich protrusions cancer cells use to penetrate the basal lamina
  5. 7. Reverse transcriptase that maintains chromosome ends and promotes immortality
  6. 9. Immune cell that can become tumor-promoting in the M2 state
  7. 10. Transcription factor released when Rb is phosphorylated to start DNA replication
  8. 11. Drug that blocks estrogen receptors to treat hormone-dependent breast cancer
  9. 12. DNA repair protein whose loss predisposes to breast and ovarian cancer
  10. 13. Theory that lymphocytes constantly detect and eliminate emerging tumor cells
  11. 14. Programmed cell death characterized by DNA laddering and membrane blebbing
  12. 18. Growth factor that stimulates endothelial cells to form blood vessels
  13. 23. Reversible change from one differentiated cell type to another, sometimes preceding dysplasia
  14. 26. Hormone that promotes proliferation of breast and uterine epithelial cells
  15. 28. Condition of low oxygen that stabilizes HIF-alpha