Cardiac System Crossword Puzzle 1

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Across
  1. 1. The inferior vena _____ is the large systemic vein that returns blood to the heart from the inferior portion of the body
  2. 4. The _____ reflex is an (also, called atrial reflex) autonomic reflex that responds to stretch receptors in the atria that send impulses to the cardioaccelerator area to increase HR when venous flow into the atria increases
  3. 7. The stroke _____ (SV) is the amount of blood pumped by each ventricle per contraction; also, the difference between EDV and ESV
  4. 9. The ________ cavity is a cavity surrounding the heart filled with a lubricating serous fluid that reduces friction as the heart contracts
  5. 10. The bundle of ____ is a (also, atrioventricular bundle) group of specialized myocardial conductile cells that transmit the impulse from the AV node through the interventricular septum; form the left and right atrioventricular bundle branches
  6. 11. Extension of an atrium visible on the superior surface of the heart
  7. 14. Unusual heart sound detected by auscultation; typically related to septal or valve defects
  8. 15. A heart _____ is an interruption in the normal conduction pathway
  9. 18. The ______ atrioventricular valve is a (also, mitral valve or bicuspid valve) valve located between the left atrium and ventricle; consists of two flaps of tissue
  10. 19. Innermost layer of the heart lining the heart chambers and heart valves; composed of endothelium reinforced with a thin layer of connective tissue that binds to the myocardium
  11. 20. The ____ rhythm is the normal contractile pattern of the heart
  12. 21. The ______ valve is a (also, pulmonary semilunar valve, the pulmonic valve, or the right semilunar valve) valve at the base of the pulmonary trunk that prevents backflow of blood into the right ventricle; consists of three flaps
  13. 23. An artificial ______ is a medical device that transmits electrical signals to the heart to ensure that it contracts and pumps blood to the body
  14. 25. Period of time when the heart muscle is contracting
  15. 26. The coronary _____ is a large, thin-walled vein on the posterior surface of the heart that lies within the atrioventricular sulcus and drains the heart myocardium directly into the right atrium
Down
  1. 2. (plural = anastomoses) area where vessels unite to allow blood to circulate even if there may be partial blockage in another branch
  2. 3. One of the primary pumping chambers of the heart located in the lower portion of the heart; the left ventricle is the major pumping chamber on the lower left side of the heart that ejects blood into the systemic circuit via the aorta and receives blood from the left atrium; the right ventricle is the major pumping chamber on the lower right side of the heart that ejects blood into the pulmonary circuit via the pulmonary trunk and receives blood from the right atrium
  3. 5. Atrioventricular _____ branches are (also, left or right bundle branches) specialized myocardial conductile cells that arise from the bifurcation of the atrioventricular bundle and pass through the interventricular septum; lead to the Purkinje fibers and also to the right papillary muscle via the moderator band
  4. 6. The _____ ovale is an opening in the fetal heart that allows blood to flow directly from the right atrium to the left atrium, bypassing the fetal pulmonary circuit
  5. 8. Muscle cell of the heart
  6. 12. The posterior ______ artery is a (also, posterior descending artery) branch of the right coronary artery that runs along the posterior portion of the interventricular sulcus toward the apex of the heart and gives rise to branches that supply the interventricular septum and portions of both ventricles
  7. 13. The ejection ______ is portion of the blood that is pumped or ejected from the heart with each contraction; mathematically represented by SV divided by EDV
  8. 16. The cardiac ______ are a paired complex network of nerve fibers near the base of the heart that receive sympathetic and parasympathetic stimulations to regulate HR
  9. 17. _______ pathways are specialized conductile cells within the atria that transmit the impulse from the SA node throughout the myocardial cells of the atrium and to the AV node
  10. 22. Pulmonary ______ are left and right branches of the pulmonary trunk that carry deoxygenated blood from the heart to each of the lungs
  11. 24. The _______ atrioventricular valve is(also, tricuspid valve)located between the right atrium and ventricle; consists of three flaps of tissue