Across
- 2. The ______-Starling mechanism is the relationship between ventricular stretch and contraction in which the force of heart contraction is directly proportional to the initial length of the muscle fiber
- 4. The ______ muscle is the extension of the myocardium in the ventricles to which the chordae tendineae attach
- 7. (plural = septa) walls or partitions that divide the heart into chambers
- 9. ______ veins are vessels that drain the heart and generally parallel the large surface arteries
- 12. The cardiac is the depression in the medial surface of the inferior lobe of the left lung where the apex of the heart is located
- 13. myocardial _______ cells are the bulk of the cardiac muscle cells in the atria and ventricles that conduct impulses and contract to propel blood
- 17. The ______ fibers are specialized myocardial conduction fibers that arise from the bundle branches and spread the impulse to the myocardial contraction fibers of the ventricles
- 20. The pulmonary _____ is the blood flow to and from the lungs
- 22. The ______ contraction is the initial phase of ventricular contraction in which tension and pressure in the ventricle increase, but no blood is pumped or ejected from the heart
- 24. _________ valves are one-way valves located between the atria and ventricles; the valve on the right is called the tricuspid valve, and the one on the left is the mitral or bicuspid valve
- 25. _____ sounds are sounds heard via auscultation with a stethoscope of the closing of the atrioventricular valves (“lub”) and semilunar valves (“dub”)
- 26. The ______ cardiac vein parallels the right coronary artery and drains blood from the posterior surfaces of the right atrium and ventricle; drains into the coronary sinus, middle cardiac vein, or right atrium
Down
- 1. End _____ volume (EDV) is the (also, preload) the amount of blood in the ventricles at the end of atrial systole just prior to ventricular contraction
- 3. Ability of cardiac muscle to initiate its own electrical impulse that triggers the mechanical contraction that pumps blood at a fixed pace without nervous or endocrine control
- 5. (also, end diastolic volume) amount of blood in the ventricles at the end of atrial systole just prior to ventricular contraction
- 6. The _____ cardiac vein is the vessel that parallels and drains the areas supplied by the posterior interventricular artery; drains into the great cardiac vein
- 8. Innermost layer of the serous pericardium and the outermost layer of the heart wall
- 10. The cardiac _____ is the difference between maximum and resting CO
- 11. The _____ septum is a cardiac septum located between the two atria; contains the fossa ovalis after birth
- 14. The ______ carneae are ridges of muscle covered by endocardium located in the ventricles
- 15. The ______ valve is (also, mitral valve or left atrioventricular valve) located between the left atrium and ventricle; consists of two flaps of tissue
- 16. (also, pericardial sac) membrane that separates the heart from other mediastinal structures; consists of two distinct, fused sublayers: the fibrous pericardium and the parietal pericardium
- 18. The superior ____ cava is a large systemic vein that returns blood to the heart from the superior portion of the body
- 19. The atrioventricular (AV) is a clump of myocardial cells located in the inferior portion of the right atrium within the atrioventricular septum; receives the impulse from the SA node, pauses, and then transmits it into specialized conducting cells within the interventricular septum
- 21. The _______ artery is a branch of the left coronary artery that follows coronary sulcus
- 23. The anterior interventricular ______ is sulcus located between the left and right ventricles on the anterior surface of the heart