Across
- 4. heart relaxation
- 7. white blood cells
- 8. small artery
- 10. inflammatory chemical that makes blood vessels leaky and attracts other WBCs to inflamed site
- 11. lymphocytes that oversee humoral immunity; descendants differentiate into antibody-producing plasma cells
- 13. double-walled sac around the heart
- 15. WBCs that lack visible cytoplasmic granules
- 17. immunity provided by antibodies released by sensitized B cells and their plasm call progeny
- 18. obstruction of an artery, typically by a clot or air bubble
- 19. a condition marked by severe pain in the chest caused by an inadequate blood supply to the heart
- 22. soluble proteins that weave into the fibrin
- 23. graphical record of the electrical activity of the heart
- 24. blood volume (L) ejected per minute by the left ventricle
- 26. immunity to a disease by intentional exposure to small quantities of it
- 29. skin, mucous membranes, and secretions of skin and mucous membranes
- 33. the largest WBC; agranulocyte with abundant cytoplasm and a U-shaped nucleus
- 34. stoppage of bleeding
- 36. harmful or disease-causing microorganisms
- 37. platelets
- 39. lymphocytes that mediate cellular immunity; includes helper, cytoxic, regulatory,and memory
- 40. crescent shaped node of tissue in the right atrium
- 41. only fluid tissue in the body
- 42. substance that the body recognizes as foreign
- 45. nonliving fluid matrix
- 47. tiny white chords that anchor the flaps of the walls to the ventricles
- 49. thick bundles of cardiac muscle twisted and whorled into ringlike arrangements; layer that actually contracts
- 50. sets heart rhythm; cross between muscle and nervous tissue
- 54. left side of the heart to the aorta through the whole body to the vena caveae to the right atrium
- 55. any disease resulting from a decrease in the oxygen carrying ability of the blood
- 57. vessel that carries oxygenated blood away from the heart
- 58. phagocytic cells, natural killer cells, antimicrobial proteins, inflammatory response, and fever
- 59. group of signaling proteins made and released by host cells in response to the presence of several pathogens
- 63. heart contraction
- 66. red blood cells
- 67. when the total WBC count is above 11,000 cells/mm^3
- 68. immunity conferred by T cells
- 69. cone-shaped muscles found in the heart ventricles
- 72. short-term immunity resulting from the introduction of antibodies from another person or animal
- 73. two top chambers that receive blood
- 74. volume of blood pumped out by a ventricle which each heartbeat
- 75. two lower chambers that discharge/pump blood
- 76. vessel that carries deoxygenated blood back to the heart
- 77. lymphoid organ in the wall of the distal part of the small intestine
- 78. lymphoid mass found low in the throat overlying the heart; functions at peak levels during youth
- 79. tubelike offshoot of the first part of the large intestine
- 80. granule-containing WBCs
- 81. rarest WBC in the body; large histamine-containing granules that stain dark blue
- 83. excess tissue fluid in lymphocytic tissue
- 84. a clot that develops and persists in an unbroken blood vessel
Down
- 1. small masses of lymphoid tissue that ring the pharynx
- 2. minute blood vessel connecting arterioles with venules
- 3. blood cell formation
- 5. lymphoid organ involved in the production and removal of blood cells in most vertebrates
- 6. the passage of blood cells through intact vessel walls into the tissues
- 9. insufficient number of circulating platelets
- 12. right side of the heart to the pulmonary trunk to the lungs to the pulmonary veins to the left atrium
- 14. clumping of foreign RBCs
- 16. hereditary bleeding disorders that result from a lack of any of the factors needed for clotting; thin blood
- 20. most numerous granulocyte; has a multilobed nucleus
- 21. specialized muscle of the heart
- 25. partition separating the left and right chambers of the heart
- 27. heart attack
- 28. agranulocyte with a large purple nucleus; slightly bigger that RBCs; resides in lymphatic tissue
- 30. granulocyte with a blue-red nucleus shaped like an old fashioned telephone receiver
- 31. immunity present without prior immunization
- 32. red blood cell production
- 35. low blood pressure
- 38. prevent backflow into atria when ventricles contract; bicuspid (left) and tricuspid (right)
- 43. visceral layer; actually part of the heart wall
- 44. thin, glistening sheet of endothelium that lines the heart chambers
- 46. when the bone marrow becomes cancerous and huge numbers of WBCs are turned out rapidly
- 48. iron-bearing protein that transports the bulk of the oxygen in the blood
- 51. number of heartbeats in one minute
- 52. abnormal extra sound during the heartbeat cycle
- 53. long, insoluble, hairlike molecules
- 56. guard bases of the two large arteries leaving the ventricular chambers; pulmonary and aortic
- 57. recognizer of the antigen; binds to antigen
- 60. pressure exerted by circulating blood upon the walls of blood vessels
- 61. immunity resulting from the production of antibodies by the immune system in response to the presence of an antigen
- 62. an excessive or abnormal increase in the number of RBCs
- 64. high blood pressure
- 65. small vein
- 70. mucosa-associated lymphatic tissue; protects upper respiratory and digestive tracts from constant attacks of foreign matter entering these cavities
- 71. blood-clotting
- 82. bottom of the heart