Across
- 3. ___ have a thinner tunica media which provides more flexibility to these blood vessels.
- 5. What factor keeps fluid in capillaries (and not forced out into interstitial spaces)? If is generated by plasma proteins. (2 words)
- 8. Without this semi-lunar valve blood would flow back from the lungs and into the heart.
- 10. The sound of the mitral and tricuspid valves snapping shut as ventricles begin to contract is what?
- 11. What blood vessel carries blood away from the heart and to the body?
- 12. What layer of the pericardium lines the surface of the heart?
- 15. Pulmonary circulation needs a ___ pressure pump.
- 19. What 3-flapped AV valve lies between the right atrium and ventricle?
- 20. This is the pacemaker of the heart from where action potentials are spontaneously developed allowing for contraction of the heart. (2 words)
- 21. The extracellular fluid that is recovered from the vascular space by lymphatic vessels is called what?
- 22. Fill in the blank in this sequence: arteries- _____- capillaries
- 24. Where do the cranial and caudal vena cava enter the heart? (2 words)
- 28. What is the amount of blood pumped out of each ventricle per minute? It is affected by stroke volume (EDV, ESV) and heart rate. (2 words)
Down
- 1. Fill in the bank in this sequence: capillaries- Venules- ____
- 2. Fetal circulation does not need to oxygenate blood in the lungs. It therefore has a foramen oval which is located where? (Between the right ___ and left ___)
- 4. This structure of squamous epithelial cells lines the chambers of the heart.
- 6. The smallest form of a vein and artery is a what?
- 7. This is a measure of the driving force or the amount of strain arteries experience as blood circulates throughout the body. (2 words)
- 9. In which area of the heart does oxygenated blood first enter? (2 words)
- 13. These fibrous structures are important in preventing valves from flipping inside out while pumping. (2 words)
- 14. What is an extrinsic mechanism that alters ESV (or the amount of blood in the ventricle at the end of contraction)?
- 16. The sound of the aortic and pulmonary valves snapping shut at the end of ventricular contraction is what?
- 17. Is the blood entering the heart oxygenated or deoxygenated?
- 18. You can easily distinguish the right and left ventricles because of the difference in what muscular layer?
- 23. Portal systems are series of capillary beds between two vessels allowing for gas and hormone exchange. One exists in the connection between the anterior pituitary ad the hypothalamus. Where does the second one occur?
- 25. If this structure was missing the ventricles would be unable to fill with blood before they contract (less blood in circulation). It causes a delay in electrical conduction. (2 words)
- 26. The left side of the heart pumps blood to the aorta/systemic circulation. It therefore needs a ___ pressure system.
- 27. What is the largest artery in the body?