Across
- 7. The bourgeoisie is a social class that emerged during the middle ages in Europe, typically characterized by their ownership of capital and their role in commerce and industry. They are often referred to as the middle-class entrepreneurs.
- 9. Statement of fundamental political rights adopted by the French National Assembly at the beginning of the French Revolution.
- 11. act of British Parliament that transferred voting privileges from small rotten boroughs controlled by nobility and gentry to large industrial towns controlled by middle class
- 14. Queen of France (as wife of Louis XVI) who was unpopular due to Austrian background, her extravagance and opposition to reform contributed to the overthrow of the monarchy; she was guillotined along with her husband.
- 15. Oath taken by representatives of the Third Estate in June 1789, in which they pledged to form a National Assembly and write a constitution limiting the powers of the king.
- 16. After Russian advances against the Ottomans, the Europeans intervened and got both parties to sign this treaty, which gave the Russians control over the Caucausus and the Danube, and the Greeks got their independence, but the Europeans hadn't picked a prince yet
- 19. a freed slave who became the leader of the Haitian Revolution. He led several successful military campaigns against various opposing forces and ultimately helped transform an entire society of slaves into an independent country.
- 20. put enemies of the republic on trial and executed them
Down
- 1. The first French revolutionary legislature, made up primarily of representatives of the third estate and a few from the nobility and clergy, in session from 1789 to 1791.
- 2. coalition of conservative monarchies in Europe, consisted of Austria, Russia, and Prussia
- 3. One of the most radical revolutionaries of the French Revolution. Leader of the French government that put King Louis XVI on trial. Created and ran the Reign of Terror.
- 4. A series of alliances among European nations in the 19th century, devised by Prince Klemens von Metternich to prevent the outbreak of revolutions.
- 5. An artistic movement at its height from about 1790 to the 1840s that was in part a revolt against classicism and the Enlightenment, characterized by a belief in emotional exuberance, unrestrained imagination, and spontaneity in both art and personal life.
- 6. Russian Tsar that succeeced Alexander; he strengthened the secret police and the bureaucracy. He was also wiling to use Russian troops to crush revolutions, as he greatly feared them.
- 8. liberal constitution that was not democratic, guaranteed civil liberties and accepted many of France's revolutionary changes
- 10. an economic theory according to which the values of commodities are related to the labor needed to produce them. primogeniture. the need for the supply and demand.
- 12. The period from 1793 to 1794 during which Robespierre's Committee of Public Safety tried and executed thousands suspected of treason and a new revolutionary culture was imposed.
- 13. created to control the government after the National Constituent Assembly finished it's job of reorganizing the French government. It was created by the NCA's constitution. Former members of the NCA were forbidden to participate in the Legislative Assembly. This group was the main governing force of French after its reorganization
- 17. device used for executions/beheadings, especially during the French Revolution
- 18. King of France (1774-1792). In 1789, he summoned the Estates-General, but he did not grant the reforms that were demanded and revolution followed. Louis and his queen, Marie Antoinette, were executed in 1793