Cell biology vocabulary

4. Small blood vessels that connect arteries and veins, allowing for the exchange of nutrients and waste.
5. The movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
9. A type of cell that does not have a nucleus or other membrane-bound organelles.
10. A type of cell that has a nucleus and other specialized structures called organelles.
12. A structure in the cell that contains genes and carries genetic information.
13. Organelles that make proteins in the cell.
15. The movement of water across a membrane from an area of low solute concentration to an area of high solute concentration.
17. Tiny air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs.
20. Small openings on the surface of leaves that allow for gas exchange.
21. A solution with a lower concentration of solutes compared to another solution.
22. To make a substance less concentrated by adding more solvent.
23. A gradual change in concentration, pressure, or another property over a distance.
24. A rigid layer outside the cell membrane that provides support and protection to plant cells.
25. A process that does not require energy input.
27. A part of plant cells that captures sunlight and helps make food through photosynthesis.

1. Tiny finger-like projections in the small intestine that increase the surface area for nutrient absorption.
2. Organelles that produce energy for the cell.
3. A specialized cell in plant roots that absorbs water and nutrients from the soil.
6. The control center of the cell that contains the DNA and regulates cell activities.
7. The jelly-like substance inside the cell where most of the cell's activities take place.
8. A large storage space in plant cells that stores water, nutrients, and waste.
11. The protective layer around a cell that controls what goes in and out.
14. The amount of a substance in a given volume.
16. The movement of substances across a cell membrane using energy.
18. Two solutions that have the same concentration of solutes.
19. A solution with a higher concentration of solutes compared to another solution.
22. The genetic material found in cells that contains instructions for building and maintaining an organism.
26. A small, circular piece of DNA found in some cells, often used in genetic engineering.