Cell Cignaling

3. Feedback that slows down or stops a response.
5. Feedback that amplifies or increases a response
8. membrane channels between adjacent cells that allow the direct exchange of cytoplasmic substances in animal cells.
9. adding a phosphate
12. receiving cell
13. a channel through the plant cell wall that allows molecules and substances to move in and out of the cell

1. requires close contact. ligand on one surface binds to a receptor on another adjacent surface.
2. hormones that are released into the blood and act on distant target cell.
4. cell secretes a hormone that binds to autocrine receptors on that same cell, leading to changes in the cell.
6. Ability of organism or cell to maintain a stable internal environment despite changes in external environment.
7. a chemical signal
10. to convert (something, such as energy or a message) into another form.
11. a hormone that is secreted by an endocrine gland and affects the function of nearby cells.
14. small, non-protein intermediate messengers molecules or ions in the pathway. Examples: cyclic AMP/cAMP, Ca2+, IP3