Cells

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Across
  1. 1. The cell's outer membrane that regulates what enters and exits the cell, essential for cell integrity during division.
  2. 3. The region within the nucleus where ribosomes are assembled; it is highly active during interphase.
  3. 5. The organelle where protein synthesis occurs, necessary for growth and development of new cells.
  4. 9. A structure made of DNA and protein that carries genetic information.
  5. 12. Each half of a duplicated chromosome.
  6. 13. The sequence of phases that a cell goes through as it grows and divides.
  7. 14. Programmed cell death, a process that removes unnecessary or damaged cells.
  8. 15. The type of cell division that produces gametes (sperm and egg cells) with half the original chromosome number.
  9. 16. The process of cell division in somatic cells, resulting in two identical daughter cells.
  10. 17. The process by which a cell becomes specialized for a specific function in a multicellular organism.
  11. 18. The organelle that houses the cell's DNA and controls cell activities, including cell division.
  12. 21. Small membrane-bound structures involved in transport within cells, especially during cytokinesis.
  13. 24. Any body cell other than reproductive cells.
  14. 25. A cell with a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.
  15. 27. A change in DNA that can affect cell cycle control and potentially lead to disease.
  16. 31. The phase of the cell cycle where the cell grows, duplicates DNA, and prepares for division.
  17. 33. The cell formed by the fusion of two gametes, starting the development of a new organism.
  18. 34. The final phase of mitosis where chromosomes decondense, and new nuclear membranes form around each set.
  19. 35. An undifferentiated cell that can give rise to various cell types.
Down
  1. 2. The powerhouse of the cell, providing energy (ATP) for cell growth, division, and other activities.
  2. 4. Protein structures that help separate chromatids during cell division.
  3. 6. The network of membranes involved in protein and lipid synthesis; plays a role in cell cycle progression.
  4. 7. The first stage of mitosis where chromosomes condense, and the nuclear envelope breaks down.
  5. 8. A cell with a single set of chromosomes, such as a gamete.
  6. 10. Contains enzymes for breaking down waste materials and cellular debris, aiding in cell maintenance.
  7. 11. The stage where chromosomes align in the center of the cell.
  8. 19. The division of the cytoplasm, resulting in two separate cells after mitosis or meiosis.
  9. 20. A disease caused by uncontrolled cell division due to mutations in cell cycle-regulating genes.
  10. 22. An organelle responsible for packaging and transporting proteins, which is critical for cell growth and division.
  11. 23. The region where two chromatids are joined, playing a role in chromosome movement during mitosis and meiosis.
  12. 26. The organelle that organizes spindle fibers during mitosis.
  13. 28. The stage where sister chromatids are pulled apart to opposite ends of the cell.
  14. 29. A reproductive cell (sperm or egg) produced by meiosis with half the usual chromosome number.
  15. 30. The material that makes up chromosomes, consisting of DNA and protein.
  16. 32. A cell with two sets of chromosomes, one from each parent.