Cells

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Across
  1. 2. A membrane-bound organelle that contains digestive enzymes to break down waste materials, worn-out cell parts, and foreign invaders.
  2. 6. A network of protein filaments and tubules that extends throughout the cytoplasm, providing structural support and helping to move organelles.
  3. 9. wall: A rigid outer layer of a plant cell that protects it and provides structural support, maintaining its shape. It is also found in fungi and some protists.
  4. 11. A single-celled organism that lacks a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles, such as bacteria and archaea.
  5. 12. The jelly-like substance that fills a cell and surrounds the organelles. It contains a semi-fluid material called cytosol.
  6. 13. endoplasmic reticulum (Rough ER): Part of the ER network that is studded with ribosomes, giving it a bumpy appearance. Its primary function is the synthesis and modification of proteins.
  7. 15. A small, membrane-bound sac used to transport substances within the cell or to the cell membrane.
  8. 17. A structure located inside the nucleus that produces ribosomes.
  9. 18. membrane: A thin, flexible barrier that encloses the cytoplasm of a cell, separating its contents from the outside environment. It regulates the passage of substances into and out of the cell.
  10. 19. endoplasmic reticulum (Smooth ER): Part of the ER network that lacks ribosomes. It is involved in the synthesis of lipids and carbohydrates.
  11. 20. The "powerhouse" of the cell. These rod-shaped organelles break down food molecules to produce energy in the form of ATP through cellular respiration.
Down
  1. 1. An organelle that contains enzymes to digest lipids and neutralize toxic substances like hydrogen peroxide.
  2. 3. Tiny structures within a cell that carry out specific functions, such as producing energy or making proteins.
  3. 4. A small organelle responsible for protein synthesis. Ribosomes can be found floating freely in the cytoplasm or attached to the rough endoplasmic reticulum.
  4. 5. An organelle found in plant cells and some protists that uses sunlight to create food (glucose) through photosynthesis.
  5. 7. reticulum (ER): A network of interconnected membranes that serves as a pathway for moving materials. It comes in two forms: rough ER (with ribosomes) and smooth ER (without ribosomes).
  6. 8. The control center of the cell that contains the cell's genetic material (DNA) and directs all cell activities.
  7. 9. Structures found in the nucleus that contain genetic material (DNA). They condense during cell division.
  8. 10. A membrane-bound sac that stores water, nutrients, and waste. Plant cells typically have one large central vacuole, while animal cells have smaller, temporary ones.
  9. 14. apparatus: A stack of flattened sacs that modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for transport to other parts of the cell or for secretion.
  10. 16. An organism whose cells contain a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. Plants, animals, fungi, and protists are eukaryotes.