Cells CW 1

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Across
  1. 4. a stack of membranes that collects, modifies, and packages chemical compounds.
  2. 6. a tiny structure where proteins are synthesized
  3. 7. a hair-like organelle that helps a cell move.
  4. 10. a round body in the center of the cell that contains DNA and regulates gene expression.
  5. 11. a region inside a bacterial cell that contains genetic material. Unlike in plant and animal cells, the nucleoid in bacteria is not surrounded by a nuclear membrane.
  6. 12. a double-layered membrane that surrounds and protects the nucleus.
  7. 16. living things are made of one or more cells; the cell is the smallest unit of life; new cells come from preexisting cells
  8. 18. the outermost layer of a bacterial cell that prevents harmful materials from entering, keeps the cell from drying out, and protects the bacterial cell from the immune cells of other organisms.
  9. 19. a cell structure that performs a specific function.
  10. 21. series of chemical reactions that convert energy in food molecules into ATP
  11. 22. The chemical process in which stored energy is broken down so it can be used by an organism to survive when there is no food source available.
  12. 24. Genetic material that holds information for making more cells.
  13. 25. A nonliving protective shell with genetic material inside of it.
  14. 27. a small body in the nucleus where ribosomes are synthesized.
  15. 31. a bundle of microtubules that helps organize the movement of chromosomes during cell division.
  16. 32. a double-layered membrane that surrounds the cell. Also called the plasma membrane, it regulates what enters and leaves the cell.
  17. 33. a network of passageways in which chemical compounds are manufactured, processed, and transported.
Down
  1. 1. a jelly-like substance, composed mainly of water, occupying most of the space between the cell membrane and the nucleus.
  2. 2. a small, sac-like package of nutrients, proteins, or water created by the Golgi apparatus. Types of vesicles include vacuoles and lysosomes.
  3. 3. made of one cell
  4. 5. the rigid, porous outer layer of a plant cell.
  5. 8. made of many cells
  6. 9. an organelle that uses oxygen to convert nutrients into energy that can be used by the cell.
  7. 13. an organelle that converts the radiant energy of the Sun into chemical energy through the process of photosynthesis.
  8. 14. a small, circular piece of DNA separate from the genetic material in the nucleoid of a bacterial cell. Plasmids often contain genes that provide an advantage to the cell, like antibiotic resistance.
  9. 15. series of reactions that convert light energy, water, and CO2 into glucose and give off oxygen
  10. 17. A type of single-celled organism found almost everywhere on Earth.
  11. 20. a small structure that can store food (leucoplast) or pigment (chromoplast).
  12. 21. filaments, including actin, microtubules, and microfilaments, that aid in cell movement and give the cell its shape.
  13. 23. a hair-like structure that helps bacterial cells adhere to surfaces. Some pili are able to transfer genetic material to other cells.
  14. 26. The chemical process in which carbon dioxide and water combine, using energy from the Sun, to make sugar and oxygen.
  15. 28. a small sac, or vesicle, that contains digestive chemicals
  16. 29. The basic unit of all living things.
  17. 30. a type of vesicle that stores water, nutrients, and other chemicals. The large vacuole found in plant cells helps the cells maintain their shape.