Across
- 3. in medieval Europe, a peasant legally bound to the land who had to provide labor services, pay rents, and be subject to the lord's control
- 4. a heavy, wheeled plow with a iron plowshare
- 5. territory of a duke or duchess
- 8. nobility
- 11. under feudalism, a man who served a lord in a military capacity
- 12. a singer or musician during 11th and 13th century
- 15. under feudalism, the unwritten rules that determined the relationship between a lord and his vassal
- 16. land that is unplanted for crop rotation purpose
- 18. a binding agreement between two or more people or parties
- 20. political, economic and social system by which the peasants of medieval Europe were rendered dependent on the lord of the estate
- 22. under feudalism, a member of the heavily armed cavalry
- 23. in the Middle Ages, the ideal of civilized behavior that developed among the nobility it was a code of ethics that knights were supposed to uphold
- 24. in medieval Europe, an agricultural estate that lord ran and peasants worked
Down
- 1. uniform system of law that developed in England based on court decisions and on customs and usage rather than on written law codes
- 2. political and social order that developed during the Middle Ages when royal governments were no longer able to defend their subjects
- 4. essential
- 6. a summons that is often stimulating, inciting or threatening
- 7. an original or official paper that gives proof of or support to
- 9. the science or study of the practical or industrial arts
- 10. the middle class, including merchants, industrialists and professional people
- 13. in 13th century England, the representative government that emerged it was composed of two knights from every county,two people from every town, and all nobles and bishops throughout England
- 14. the "Great Charter" of rights, which King John was forced to sign by the English nobles at Runnymede in 1215
- 17. to make possible
- 19. under feudalism, a grant of land made to a vassal
- 21. a wealthy, powerful landowner